Derivation of equation (9.117) on Schutz's textbook

In summary, Schutz discusses how AMPs amplitude is determined by the amplitude of the forces exerted on it and the stiffness of the spring.
  • #1
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On page 238 of his second edition of Schutz's he writes the following:
If we now add this to the incident wave, Eq. (9.107), we get the net result, to first order in ##R##,
$$(9.117)\bar{h}^{net}_{xx}=\bar{h}_{xx}^{TT}+\delta \bar{h}^{TT}_{xx}=(A-2\pi \sigma m \Omega \ell_0 R \sin \phi)\cos [\Omega (z-t)-\psi]$$
where $$(9.118) \tan \psi = \frac{2\pi \sigma m \Omega \ell_0 R}{A} \cos \phi$$
Where Eq. (9.107) is: $$\bar{h}^{TT}_{xx}=A\cos (\Omega (z-t)) , \bar{h}_{yy}^{TT}=-\bar{h}^{TT}_{xx}$$
and ##\delta \bar{h}^{TT}_{xx}=2\pi \sigma m \Omega \ell_0 R \sin [\Omega (z-t)-\phi]##.

Here's what I tried:
$$A\tan \psi / ( 2\pi \sigma m \Omega \ell_0 R )= \cos \phi $$
$$A\cos(\Omega (z-t))+2\pi \sigma m \Omega \ell_0 R \sin ((\Omega (z-t)-\phi)=A\cos (\Omega (z-t))+2\pi \sigma m \Omega \ell_0 R [\sin (\Omega (z-t))\cos \phi -\cos (\Omega (z-t))\sin \phi ] =$$
$$ (A-2\pi \sigma m \Omega \ell_0 R \sin \phi )\cos (\Omega (z-t)) + 2\pi \sigma m \Omega \ell_0 R \sin (\Omega (z-t)) \cos \phi = \frac{(A-2\pi \sigma m \Omega \ell_0 R \sin \phi )\cos (\Omega (z-t))\cos \psi + A \sin (\Omega (z-t)) \sin \psi}{\cos \psi}$$

How to proceed to get the above identity in equation (9.117), I don't see it.
Can you help me?

Thanks in advance!
 
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  • #2
For simplifying terms, following algebra is applied:
let:$$A=A$$ $$B=2\pi\sigma m\Omega\ell_{0}R$$and$$\Omega\left(z-t\right)=\tau$$
Equations you posted can be wirtten as:
$$\bar{h}_{xx}^{TT}=A \cos\tau$$
$$\delta\bar{h}_{xx}^{TT}=B \sin \left(\tau-\phi\right)$$
Then:
$$\bar{h}_{xx}^{TT}+\delta\bar{h}_{xx}^{TT}=A \cos\tau+B \sin \left(\tau-\phi\right)$$
$$=A \cos\tau+B\cos\phi\sin \tau-B\sin\phi\cos\tau$$
$$=\left(A-B\sin\phi\right) \cos\tau+B\cos\phi\sin \tau...(Eq1)$$
Eqs.(9.117) and Eqs.(9.118) are:
$$\bar{h}_{xx}^{TT}+\delta\bar{h}_{xx}^{TT}=\left(A-B\sin\phi\right)\cos\left(\tau-\psi\right)...(Eq2)$$
$$\tan\psi=\frac{B\cos\phi}{A}...(Eq3)$$
Expand Eq2 and combining Eq3:
$$\bar{h}_{xx}^{TT}+\delta\bar{h}_{xx}^{TT}=\left(A-B\sin\phi\right)\cdot\left(\frac{A}{r}\cdot\cos\tau+\frac{B\cos\phi}{r}\cdot\sin\tau\right)...(Eq4)$$
where:$$r=\left(A^{2}+\left(B\cos\phi\right)^{2}\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}$$
Comparing Eq1&Eq4, coefficients of term $\cos\tau$ and $\sin\tau$ must be balanced, if the book is right or some relationship between A and B exsit, following equation must be valid:
$$\left(A-B\sin\phi\right)=\left(A-B\sin\phi\right)\cdot\frac{A}{r}...Cond.(1)$$
$$B\cos\phi=\left(A-B\sin\phi\right)\cdot\frac{B\cos\phi}{r}...Cond.(2)$$
To my knowledge, the above equations are weird, on the other hand, can you tell more details of A and B?
 
  • #3
@David_Zheng , well, more details that I see that are relevant are ##R=\mathcal{O}(h_{xx}^{TT}\ell_0)##, ##\sigma## is proportional to ##\exp(-\epsilon r)##.
##A## is the amplitude where two masses oscillate , ##A## is the amplitude that each mass in the ##\sigma## masses moves, one-half of the the total stretching of the spring ##R##.

Do you want me to put on the screen scans of this part of the book?
 

Related to Derivation of equation (9.117) on Schutz's textbook

1. What is the significance of equation (9.117) in Schutz's textbook?

Equation (9.117) is a key equation in Schutz's textbook that describes the behavior of the energy-momentum tensor in general relativity. It is used to calculate the gravitational field equations and is essential in understanding the dynamics of spacetime.

2. How is equation (9.117) derived?

Equation (9.117) is derived using the Einstein field equations, which relate the curvature of spacetime to the distribution of matter and energy. It involves complex mathematical calculations and the use of tensor calculus.

3. What assumptions are made in the derivation of equation (9.117)?

The derivation of equation (9.117) assumes that spacetime is described by the principles of general relativity and that the energy-momentum tensor is a symmetric tensor. It also assumes that the matter and energy distribution in the universe is continuous and that the gravitational field is weak.

4. Can equation (9.117) be applied to all situations in general relativity?

Equation (9.117) is a general equation that can be applied to a wide range of situations in general relativity. However, it may not be applicable in extreme cases such as when dealing with highly curved spacetime or when quantum effects come into play.

5. What are the practical applications of equation (9.117)?

Equation (9.117) has many practical applications in astrophysics, cosmology, and gravitational physics. It is used in the study of black holes, gravitational waves, and the large-scale structure of the universe. It also plays a crucial role in the development of theories that unify gravity with other fundamental forces.

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