Does Lagrangian Mechanics Handle Variable Mass System?

  • #1
Pikkugnome
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How to handle a variable mass system with Lagrangian mechanics? As far as I understand Newtonian mechanics fails, because the object is not constant anymore, it is updated every moment to a new object with different physical properties. I don't immediately see how Lagrangian mechanics can do better.
 
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  • #2
What makes you think Newtonian mechanics cannot handle variable mass systems? If that were the case it would be difficult to build a rocket to go to the Moon etc.
 
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  • #3
The first and second law specifically talk about one object. I don't think it is possible to define an object on the fly so to speak as one wishes. What would be the form of the 2nd law, if the object itself was a variable?
 
  • #4
Pikkugnome said:
The first and second law specifically talk about one object. I don't think it is possible to define an object on the fly so to speak as one wishes. What would be the form of the 2nd law, if the object itself was a variable?
A lot of Internet sources get wrong the treatment of a variable mass system. Not Wikipedia:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-mass_system
 
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1. How does Lagrangian mechanics handle variable mass systems?

Lagrangian mechanics can handle variable mass systems by incorporating the concept of virtual work. The Lagrangian function is modified to include terms that account for the change in mass over time. This allows for the derivation of the equations of motion for systems with changing mass.

2. Can Lagrangian mechanics be applied to systems with varying mass?

Yes, Lagrangian mechanics can be applied to systems with varying mass. By considering the system as a whole and accounting for the changes in mass over time, Lagrangian mechanics can accurately describe the dynamics of such systems.

3. Are there any limitations to using Lagrangian mechanics for variable mass systems?

While Lagrangian mechanics is a powerful tool for analyzing a wide range of dynamic systems, there are limitations when it comes to variable mass systems. In some cases, additional assumptions may need to be made to simplify the analysis, and the equations of motion may become more complex.

4. How does the Lagrangian change in a variable mass system?

In a variable mass system, the Lagrangian function is modified to include terms that account for the change in mass over time. These additional terms represent the work done by external forces on the system due to the change in mass, and are essential for accurately describing the dynamics of the system.

5. Can Lagrangian mechanics handle systems where mass is added or removed?

Yes, Lagrangian mechanics can handle systems where mass is added or removed. By properly accounting for the changes in mass over time, Lagrangian mechanics can provide a comprehensive description of the system's dynamics, including the effects of mass variation on the system's motion.

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