Electrolysis Copper(II) Nitrate: Silver & Gold Impurities

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In summary, the electrolysis of copper(II) nitrate using copper electrodes resulted in a decrease of 1.28 g in the anode's mass and an increase of 1.18 g in the cathode's mass. Assuming the anode contained impurities of silver and gold, the only statement that can be proven false is C, as the correct amount of electricity used is 3.59×103 C as opposed to the given answer of 1790C. It is not possible to determine the accuracy of statements A, B, and D as the amount of copper in the solution cannot be accurately determined.
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AryaUnderfoot
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Homework Statement


Electrolysis of an aqueous solution of copper(II) nitrate was carried out using copper electrodes. The mass of the anode decreased by 1.28 g while that of the cathode increased by 1.18 g
Assuming that the copper anode contains silver and gold impurities, which statement is true?
A. The blue colour of aqueous solution of copper(II) nitrate become darker
B. 0.10 g of silver and gold were collected from the electrolysis
C. The quantity of electricity used was 1790C
D. 1.28 g of copper dissolved at the anode

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


A and D should be wrong because the mass of copper dissolved at anode is lower than the mass of copper deposits at cathode
While for C, Cu2++2e-->Cu
2F = 1 mol of Cu
x = 1.18/63.5 mol of Cu
Therfore, x= 3586C
So C should be wrong. But the answer is C
As for B, I don't have a clue
 
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  • #2
AryaUnderfoot said:
the mass of copper dissolved at anode is lower than the mass of copper deposits at cathode

You don't know that - assuming the anode made of pure copper more could dissolved than deposited. However, if it were only 50% copper less dissolved than deposited. So all we can say is that we don't know whether the amount of copper in the solution changed - and that eliminates A, B and D, but for a different reason than you thought,

You are right about the charge required being 3.59×103 C, apparently whoever wrote the question forgot about factor of 2 (as the answer given is exactly half of the correct one).
 
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Borek said:
apparently whoever wrote the question forgot about factor of 2 (as the answer given is exactly half of the correct one).

He writes a lot of the questions here. :oldwink: :oldbiggrin:
 

1. What is electrolysis and how does it work?

Electrolysis is a process that uses an electrical current to induce a chemical reaction. In the case of copper(II) nitrate, electricity is used to separate the copper ions from the nitrate ions, resulting in the deposition of pure copper on the cathode.

2. What are the impurities that can be found in copper(II) nitrate?

The most common impurities found in copper(II) nitrate are silver and gold ions. These impurities can be introduced during the production process or through contamination from other sources.

3. How does electrolysis remove silver and gold impurities from copper(II) nitrate?

During electrolysis, the silver and gold ions are drawn towards the cathode along with the copper ions. However, since silver and gold have a lower reduction potential than copper, they are deposited on the cathode first, leaving behind pure copper ions in the solution.

4. What are the benefits of removing silver and gold impurities from copper(II) nitrate?

Removing impurities from copper(II) nitrate ensures that the resulting copper is of higher purity, which can have a significant impact on its properties and uses. Pure copper is also more valuable and in demand in industries such as electronics and electrical wiring.

5. Are there any drawbacks to electrolysis for removing impurities from copper(II) nitrate?

While electrolysis is an effective method for removing impurities, it can be energy-intensive and costly. It also requires careful control and monitoring to prevent any damage to the equipment and ensure the desired level of purity is achieved.

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