A cavity resonator is a device that uses electromagnetic fields to store and amplify energy. It is typically made up of two or more conducting surfaces that form a resonant cavity, with a small opening for electromagnetic waves to enter and exit.
The electrons in a cavity resonator are excited by an external energy source, such as an applied voltage. As the electrons move back and forth between the conducting surfaces, they create an oscillating electromagnetic field that induces resonance in the cavity.
The electrons are responsible for creating the oscillating electromagnetic field that induces resonance in the cavity. Without the movement of the electrons, there would be no resonance in the cavity.
The shape of the cavity has a significant impact on the resonance frequency. The size and distance between the conducting surfaces determine the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves, and thus the resonance frequency. A larger cavity will have a lower resonance frequency, while a smaller cavity will have a higher resonance frequency.
Cavity resonators have a wide range of applications, including in microwave ovens, radio and television broadcasting, particle accelerators, and medical imaging devices. They are also used in communication systems, radar technology, and spectroscopy.