Interference of signal photons entangled with idlers

In summary, the conversation discusses an experiment involving a photon hitting a beam splitter and then a non-linear crystal, resulting in a split photon with a signal and an idler. The signals meet at a beam splitter, and the idlers proceed to two detectors. The possibility of interference at the second beam splitter is considered, as well as the impact of the distance to the detectors. The experiment is inspired by a previous study where interference was possible, but in this case, it is confirmed that interference is not possible due to the setup of the experiment.
  • #1
Sonderval
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TL;DR Summary
A photon hits a beam splitter, then a non-linear crystal on both ways, the Signal photons then meet at a second beam splitter like in an MZI. Can there be interference?
Consider the following experiment:
A photon hits a beam splitter, then a non-linear crystal (nichtlinearer Kristall - sorry, prepared the image in German) on each path that does parametric down conversion, splitting the photon into a signal and an idler.
The idlers proceed to two detectors (D1 and D2), the signals meet at a beam splitter.
Can there be interference at the second beam splitter so that only D3 is reached and D4 is not as in a standard Mach-Zehnder interferometer?
Does the situation change if the distance to D1 and D2 is so large that they are reached only after the signals meet at the beam splitter?
interferenzFrage1.png


This experiment is inspired by
Lemos, Gabriela B., et al. “Quantum Imaging with Undetected Photons.” arXiv preprint arXiv:1401.4318 (2014).
In that paper, the two idlers are arranged so that they end up on the same path and are indistinguishable, so there interference is possible.
 
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  • #2
No, this will not work. You can use D1 or D2 as a which way marker and the order of detection events does not matter at all. If you merge the paths, so that all of the photons on the red paths end up on the same detector with the same path length, you could get some nontrivial multi-photon interference, but the setup you show, will not result in interference patterns.
 
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  • #3
Thanks. I was 99% sure that this would be the case since any interference terms would contain products like ##\langle idler 1 | idler 2\rangle##, but it is good to have this confirmed.
 

1. What is interference of signal photons entangled with idlers?

Interference of signal photons entangled with idlers refers to the phenomenon where two entangled particles, one being the signal photon and the other being the idler photon, exhibit correlated behavior even when they are physically separated. This interference is a result of the entanglement between the two particles, which allows for information to be transmitted instantaneously between them.

2. How does interference of signal photons entangled with idlers occur?

Interference of signal photons entangled with idlers occurs due to the quantum mechanical property of entanglement. When two particles are entangled, they share a wavefunction and any changes to one particle will affect the other, regardless of the distance between them. This allows for the interference of their behavior, even when they are physically separated.

3. What is the significance of interference of signal photons entangled with idlers?

The interference of signal photons entangled with idlers is significant because it demonstrates the non-locality of quantum entanglement. This means that entangled particles can communicate information instantaneously, regardless of the distance between them. This has implications for quantum communication and computing, as well as our understanding of the fundamental nature of reality.

4. How is interference of signal photons entangled with idlers studied?

Interference of signal photons entangled with idlers is studied using various experimental techniques, such as quantum optics and quantum interference. These experiments involve creating entangled photons and measuring their behavior to observe the interference between them. Advanced technologies, such as quantum computers, are also being developed to study and utilize this phenomenon.

5. What are the potential applications of interference of signal photons entangled with idlers?

The interference of signal photons entangled with idlers has potential applications in quantum communication, where information can be transmitted securely and instantaneously using entangled particles. It also has potential uses in quantum computing, where the interference between entangled particles can be harnessed to perform complex calculations at a much faster rate than classical computers. Additionally, this phenomenon has implications for improving our understanding of quantum mechanics and its role in the universe.

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