Is ##\delta\left(a+bi\right)=\delta\left(a-bi\right)##?

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In summary, the Delta function can be written in various forms, such as an integral of an exponential function or a combination of sine and cosine functions. However, when dealing with complex arguments, there can be discrepancies in the results, such as the integral depending on the sign of the complex number. This can be resolved by carefully considering the properties of the Delta function in complex analysis.
  • #1
Anixx
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We can write Delta function as

$$\delta(z) = \frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{itz}\, dt=\delta\left(a+bi\right)=\frac1{2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}e^{-bx}\cos ax\, dx+\frac{i}{2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}e^{-bx}\sin ax\, dx.$$

The second integral is always zero (via Abel regularization, Laplace transform), the first integral does not depend on the sign of ##b##. So, ##\delta\left(a+bi\right)## should be equal to ##\delta\left(a-bi\right)##.

But this contradicts https://math.stackexchange.com/a/4045521/2513
$$\int_{-\infty}^\infty \delta(t+bi)f(t)dt=f(-bi)$$

which depends on the sign of ##b##.
 
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  • #2
Fix the integrals! Off hand they look like divergent.
 
  • #3
I am guessing that the following leap $$\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-bx}(\cos(ax)+i\sin(ax))\,dt=\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-bx}\cos(ax)\,dz+i\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-bx}\sin(ax)\,dt$$ is not justified due to failure of absolute convergence (in some generalized sense that applies to distributions).
 
  • #4
Anixx said:
We can write Delta function as

$$\delta(z) = \frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{itz}\, dt=\delta\left(a+bi\right)=\frac1{2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}e^{-bx}\cos ax\, dx+\frac{i}{2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}e^{-bx}\sin ax\, dx.$$

The second integral is always zero (via Abel regularization, Laplace transform), the first integral does not depend on the sign of ##b##. So, ##\delta\left(a+bi\right)## should be equal to ##\delta\left(a-bi\right)##.

But this contradicts https://math.stackexchange.com/a/4045521/2513
$$\int_{-\infty}^\infty \delta(t+bi)f(t)dt=f(-bi)$$

which depends on the sign of ##b##.
You are confusing complex and real arguments here. See:

https://mathoverflow.net/questions/118101/dirac-delta-function-with-a-complex-argument
 
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Likes suremarc

1. Is ##\delta\left(a+bi\right)=\delta\left(a-bi\right)## always true?

Yes, this is a property of the Dirac delta function. It is symmetric with respect to the real axis, meaning that the value of the function at a complex number and its complex conjugate will always be equal.

2. What does the symbol ##\delta## represent in this equation?

##\delta## represents the Dirac delta function, which is a generalized function used in mathematics and physics to model point sources or impulses. It is defined as zero everywhere except at the origin, where it has an infinite value that is concentrated into an infinitesimally small area.

3. Can this equation be applied to any complex numbers?

Yes, this equation can be applied to any complex numbers. The Dirac delta function is defined for all complex numbers, not just real numbers.

4. How is the Dirac delta function used in science?

The Dirac delta function is used in many areas of science, including physics, engineering, and mathematics. It is commonly used to model point sources or impulses in physical systems, such as in electrical circuits or quantum mechanics. It is also used in signal processing and Fourier analysis to represent signals or functions that have a sudden change or spike at a specific point.

5. Are there any limitations to using the Dirac delta function in equations?

Yes, there are some limitations to using the Dirac delta function. One limitation is that it is not a true function in the traditional sense, as it cannot be defined at a point. It is also not integrable in the usual sense, which can lead to difficulties in some mathematical calculations. Additionally, the Dirac delta function is not well-defined for all mathematical operations, so it must be used carefully in equations and calculations.

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