Linear and Volume expansion Problem

In summary, the first question involves finding the amount of gasoline that spills out of a 2.00-liter aluminum cylinder when it is warmed from 5.00°C to 58.0°C. The equation used to solve this is ΔV=(2L)(2.88e-3/°C)(53°C)= 0.30528 L= 305 cm3, accounting for the expansion of the container. For the second question, the substances with the largest expansion due to an increase in temperature are mercury and aluminum, while ethyl alcohol has the smallest expansion. The designation "e-4" means ×10-4, and the designation "e-3" and "e-5" also follow this pattern
  • #1
jk27
3
0
[a]Homework Statement

1.) A 2.00-liter aluminum cylinder at 5.00°C is filled to the brim with gasoline at the same temperature. If the aluminum and gasoline are warmed to 58.0°C, how much gasoline spills out? [Hint: Be sure to account for the expansion of the container. Also, ignore the possibility of evaporation, and assume the volume coefficients are good to three digits.

2.)Assuming all have the same initial volume, compare the following substances by the amount of volume expansion due to an increase in temperature: glass, mercury, aluminum, ethyl alcohol. (See the table below. Select all that apply.)
Ethyl alcohol would have the smallest expansion.
Ethyl alcohol would have the largest expansion.
Mercury would have the smallest expansion.
Mercury would have the largest expansion.
Glass would have the smallest expansion.
Glass would have the largest expansion.
Aluminum would have the largest expansion.
Aluminum would have the smallest expansion.

Relevant equations

ΔV=V°βΔT

Coefficient of Volume Expansion
Ethyl 1.12e-4
mercury 1.82e-4
glass 2.7e-5
aluminum 7.2e-5
gasoline 2.88e-3


[c] Attempt
For the first question, I do not know how to factor in the expansion of the container. This is what I did.
ΔV=(2L)(2.88e-3/°C)(53°C)= 0.30528 L= 305 cm3

I thought for the second question that aluminum would have the largest expansion and ethyl alcohol would have the smallest, but this was not correct.
 
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  • #2
jk27 said:
[a]Homework Statement

1.) A 2.00-liter aluminum cylinder at 5.00°C is filled to the brim with gasoline at the same temperature. If the aluminum and gasoline are warmed to 58.0°C, how much gasoline spills out? [Hint: Be sure to account for the expansion of the container. Also, ignore the possibility of evaporation, and assume the volume coefficients are good to three digits.

2.)Assuming all have the same initial volume, compare the following substances by the amount of volume expansion due to an increase in temperature: glass, mercury, aluminum, ethyl alcohol. (See the table below. Select all that apply.)
Ethyl alcohol would have the smallest expansion.
Ethyl alcohol would have the largest expansion.
Mercury would have the smallest expansion.
Mercury would have the largest expansion.
Glass would have the smallest expansion.
Glass would have the largest expansion.
Aluminum would have the largest expansion.
Aluminum would have the smallest expansion.

Relevant equations

ΔV=V°βΔT

Coefficient of Volume Expansion
Ethyl 1.12e-4
mercury 1.82e-4
glass 2.7e-5
aluminum 7.2e-5
gasoline 2.88e-3[c] Attempt
For the first question, I do not know how to factor in the expansion of the container. This is what I did.
ΔV=(2L)(2.88e-3/°C)(53°C)= 0.30528 L= 305 cm3

Apply the same equation to the aluminum container.
I thought for the second question that aluminum would have the largest expansion and ethyl alcohol would have the smallest, but this was not correct.
The designation "e-4" after a number means ×10-4. Likewise for e-3 and e-5. So for example, 3e-2 is the same as 0.03. Does that help?
 
  • #3
nevermind I figured it out. thanks
 
Last edited:

1. What is linear expansion and how does it occur?

Linear expansion is the increase in length of a solid material when it is heated. This occurs because the molecules in the material gain kinetic energy and vibrate more, causing them to move further apart and increasing the overall length of the material.

2. What is the coefficient of linear expansion?

The coefficient of linear expansion is a constant value that represents how much a material will expand per unit length when heated. It is typically denoted by the symbol α and is measured in units of per degree Celsius (or per Kelvin).

3. How is linear expansion calculated?

The linear expansion of a material can be calculated using the formula ΔL = αL0ΔT, where ΔL is the change in length, α is the coefficient of linear expansion, L0 is the original length of the material, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

4. What is volume expansion and how is it related to linear expansion?

Volume expansion is the increase in volume of a material when it is heated. It is related to linear expansion because the change in volume is directly proportional to the change in length. This means that the coefficient of volume expansion, β, is equal to three times the coefficient of linear expansion (β = 3α).

5. What are some real-world applications of linear and volume expansion?

Linear and volume expansion are important concepts in engineering and construction. They are used to design structures and machines that can withstand changes in temperature without breaking or malfunctioning. They are also used in the production of thermometers and other temperature-measuring devices, as well as in the design of bridges, roads, and other infrastructure to account for changes in temperature.

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