Loop falling in a magnetic field

In summary, the conversation discusses the effects of a fallen loop on magnetic flux and induced voltage, as well as the direction of current flow. It also mentions the forces on different segments of the loop and the potential energy in constant speed motion. Questions about the direction of current and the production of energy are raised.
  • #1
Jenny Physics
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Homework Statement
The rectangular loop of wire in the figure is placed so that all but its bottom segment are in a uniform magnetic field ##B_{0}## perpendicular to the plane of the loop. The wire falls under the influence of gravity. The loop has resistance ##R## and mass ##M##.

(a) As the wire falls will the induced current flow clockwise or counterclockwise?
(b) What is the induced current when the velocity of the loop is ##v##?
(c) What are the forces on each segment of the loop when it has fallen a distance ##y## from the initial position?
(d) If the initial vertical velocity of the loop is ##v_{0}## the total force on the loop vanishes as long as ##y<h##. Find ##v_{0}##.
(e) If the wire begins with velocity ##v_{0}## after falling a distance ##h## the loop gravitational energy decreases by ##Mgh##. Where did this energy go? Show that that source gets exactly ##Mgh## so that energy is conserved.
Relevant Equations
Use Faradays' law and Lorentz force on a current
loop.PNG

(a) Let's say the loop has fallen ##y## from its initial position. Then the magnetic flux is ##B_{0}w(h-y)## and the induced voltage is ##\mathcal{E}=B_{0}wdy/dt##. Since this voltage is positive, the current flows clockwise.

(b) ##I=\frac{\mathcal{E}}{R}=\frac{B_{0}wv}{R}##

(c) The force on the bottom segment is zero since it is outside the magnetic field.

The force on the top segment is ##IB_{0}w\hat{x}\times \hat{z}=-IB_{0}\hat{y}## (downwards)

The force on the left segment is ##IB_{0}(h-y)\hat{y}\times\hat{z}=IB_{0}(h-y)\hat{x}## (to the right)

The force on the right segment is ##-IB_{0}(h-y)\hat{x}## (to the left)

(d) It appears that I have both the gravitational force and the magnetic force downwards?

(e) Not sure where the potential energy goes since it is constant speed motion.

Comments?
 
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  • #2
Jenny Physics said:
(a) Let's say the loop has fallen ##y## from its initial position. Then the magnetic flux is ##B_{0}w(h-y)## and the induced voltage is ##\mathcal{E}=B_{0}wdy/dt##. Since this voltage is positive, the current flows clockwise.
Why does positive ##\mathcal{E}## imply clockwise current? I think a better approach for this question is to use Lenz's law.

(d) It appears that I have both the gravitational force and the magnetic force downwards?
This might indicate that you got the wrong direction for the current.

(e) Not sure where the potential energy goes since it is constant speed motion.
Does current in a circuit with resistance produce any form of energy?
 
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1. What is loop falling in a magnetic field?

Loop falling in a magnetic field refers to the motion of a conducting loop or wire when it is placed in a magnetic field. The loop experiences a force due to the interaction between the magnetic field and the current flowing through it, causing it to fall or move in a specific direction.

2. How does a loop fall in a magnetic field?

The direction in which a loop falls in a magnetic field is determined by the direction of the current in the loop and the direction of the magnetic field. The loop will experience a force perpendicular to both the current and the magnetic field, causing it to move in a circular motion or in a straight line, depending on the orientation of the loop.

3. What is the significance of loop falling in a magnetic field?

The phenomenon of loop falling in a magnetic field is significant because it demonstrates the relationship between electricity and magnetism, as well as the concept of electromagnetism. It is also used in various applications such as generators, motors, and magnetic levitation systems.

4. How does the strength of the magnetic field affect the motion of a falling loop?

The strength of the magnetic field has a direct impact on the force experienced by the loop and therefore, affects its motion. A stronger magnetic field will result in a greater force on the loop, causing it to fall or move faster.

5. What factors affect the speed of a falling loop in a magnetic field?

The speed of a falling loop in a magnetic field is affected by the strength of the magnetic field, the orientation of the loop, the amount of current flowing through the loop, and the resistance of the loop. These factors determine the force acting on the loop and therefore, its speed of motion.

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