Ponderomotive force and conservation of momentum

  • #1
Philip Koeck
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According to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponderomotive_force a charge in an inhomogeneous, oscillating electric field will be accelerated in the direction where the field gets weaker.

One could think of a charged particle placed slightly off-center inside a laser beam.
If I read the Wikipedia page correctly this particle should be accelerated away from the center of the beam.

What would happen to the laser beam during this process?
 
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  • #2
There is a theorem like Poynting’s theorem, but for momentum. As the momentum of the particle changes, the momentum of the EM field changes in the equal and opposite direction.
 
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1. What is ponderomotive force?

Ponderomotive force is the force exerted on a charged particle in an electromagnetic field that varies in time. It arises from the gradient of the time-averaged electromagnetic field intensity.

2. How does ponderomotive force affect charged particles?

Ponderomotive force can accelerate or decelerate charged particles depending on the phase relationship between the particle motion and the oscillating electromagnetic field. It can also cause particles to oscillate or drift in the direction of the force.

3. What is the conservation of momentum in the context of ponderomotive force?

The conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of a system remains constant if there are no external forces acting on it. In the context of ponderomotive force, the momentum of the charged particles and the electromagnetic field must be considered to ensure that momentum is conserved.

4. How does the ponderomotive force contribute to the conservation of momentum?

The ponderomotive force can transfer momentum between the charged particles and the electromagnetic field, ensuring that the total momentum of the system remains constant. This transfer of momentum helps to maintain the overall balance of forces in the system.

5. Are there any practical applications of ponderomotive force and conservation of momentum?

Yes, ponderomotive force and conservation of momentum are important concepts in various fields such as plasma physics, laser-matter interactions, and particle acceleration. Understanding these principles is crucial for designing and optimizing devices such as particle accelerators and laser systems.

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