Should one include friction in this free-body diagram?

In summary, the problem is that there is tension in the chain that is pointing away from the truck, which is due to inertial forces acting on the G.
  • #1
Qube
Gold Member
468
1
Homework Statement
Draw a free-body diagram for the top truck. Image below.
Relevant Equations
sum of forces in x-direction = 0
sum of forces in y-direction = 0
sum of moments = 0
Problem statement:

W2MMX0T.png


Attempt at a solution:

1) There are no relevant moments that need to be drawn in this free-body diagram.

2) There is tension in the chain DE that is pointed away from the truck, i.e. from D to E.

3) There are "ground" reaction forces at points A and B pointed up toward the truck.

4) There is an arrow starting from G and pointing away from the truck; this arrow represents the Fw, or the weight of the truck.

AdUrNwp.png


Question:

Should one include frictional forces at points A and B when drawing the FBD?

The question is vague enough that I think that not including frictional forces at contact patches A and B would not represent a failure of understanding. There's no indication that there's actually any tension in the chain, i.e. the tension in the chain could very well be 0.

On the other hand, I think that a 100% complete solution would include arrows that are perpendicular to the ground reaction forces at A and B pointed toward the "right," or opposite that of the sense of the chain tension.

The end-of-book answer key does not include friction in the FBD. Would including friction make the FBD incorrect in any way?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
You could include any forces that you wish, but their magnitude could prove to be zero.
If there is tension on the chain is not because friction forces, but because inertial forces acting on G.

Imaging replacing the top truck with a huge block of ice: if the trailer is being accelerated, the block of ice would tend to stay behind (no friction), inducing some tension on the chain.
 
  • #3
I'm no expert on FBDs, but I'd have thought there needs to be friction and you should show it.

If the truck is stationary, there can be no tension in the chain if there is no friction. So maybe there is only tension in the chain when the truck is accelerating. But then it must decelerate at some point. Then there is nothing to restrain it and it will roll forward about 1.4 m before the chain jerks tight. That seems an unlikely scenario to me. I expect they can leave a suitable gap, so that it is stopped by the chain before it hits the car in front. But having it roll that far (frictionlessly) then be stopped, not by a nice elastic tie, but a steel chain, seems a good way to cause damage.

I see Lnewqban has come up with a very sensible comment (about the FBD), with which I'd agree.
 
Last edited:
  • Like
Likes Lnewqban
  • #4
Merlin's comment made me re-think the whole thing.
It could also be that the parking brake is on and that post-tension has been added to the chain.
In such a set up, the truck should not be able to roll back or forth under acceleration.

If that is true, the tension on the chain would induce an opposite friction force at the contact patches of the locked wheels, plus downwards forces on the front contact patches in addition to their share of the truck's weight (which compresses the suspension some more that weight alone).
 

1. What is friction and why is it important to include it in a free-body diagram?

Friction is a force that opposes the motion between two surfaces in contact. It is important to include it in a free-body diagram because it affects the overall motion and stability of an object.

2. How does friction affect the motion of an object?

Friction can either increase or decrease the motion of an object, depending on the direction and magnitude of the force. It can also cause an object to come to a complete stop if the friction force is greater than the applied force.

3. Can friction be ignored in a free-body diagram?

No, friction should not be ignored in a free-body diagram. It is a real force that affects the motion of an object, and ignoring it can lead to incorrect predictions and calculations.

4. In what situations should friction be included in a free-body diagram?

Friction should be included in a free-body diagram whenever there is contact between two surfaces and there is relative motion or the potential for motion between them. This includes situations such as sliding, rolling, or fluid flow.

5. How is friction represented in a free-body diagram?

Friction is typically represented as an arrow pointing in the opposite direction of the motion, with a magnitude determined by the coefficient of friction and the normal force between the surfaces. It is important to label the arrow as the friction force to avoid confusion.

Similar threads

Replies
24
Views
1K
  • Engineering and Comp Sci Homework Help
Replies
2
Views
1K
Replies
8
Views
1K
  • Engineering and Comp Sci Homework Help
Replies
20
Views
3K
Replies
3
Views
749
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
5
Views
470
  • Engineering and Comp Sci Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
4
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
6
Views
1K
  • Engineering and Comp Sci Homework Help
Replies
4
Views
7K
Back
Top