Sine Dipole formation using two hydrophones

In summary, the MATLAB code provided is for simulations of SINE Dipoles using two hydrophones spaced distance 'd' apart for a signal coming from a specific direction. The code includes calculations for frequency, sampling rate, number of data points, sound speed, and spacing between the hydrophones. There is a confusion regarding the constant phase difference and amplitude difference between the two generated SINE Dipoles. The resulting graph shows that the hydrophones are nearly perfectly in phase due to the small distance between them.
  • #1
nauman
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TL;DR Summary
Sine dipole formation using two hydrophones
Hi all. I am trying to do MATLAB simulations for generation of SINE Dipole using two hydrophones spaced distance 'd' apart for signal coming from direction 'DOA'. The MATLAB code is given below. The confusion is that there is constant phase difference of 90 degree b/w SINE Dipole generated using difference of two hydrophones and simple SINE Dipole generated by multiplication of signal with sin(DOA). There is also a difference b/w amplitude of two Dipoles. The resultant graph of MATLAB code is also attached.

Am i doing right or something is not right in my understanding?
MATLAB Code for Sine Dipole Formation:
clc
clear
close all

f_sig = 800;%signal frequency in Hz
f_samp = 64000; %Sampling rate
N=81920;%no of data points
c=1500;%sound speed in water in m/s
d=50e-3;%spacing b/w two omni directional hydrophones

DOA=135;%Direction of signal in deg

t=(0:N-1)/f_samp;

lemda=c/f_sig;

Hyd_1=sin(2*pi*f_sig*t+2*pi*(d/2)*sind(DOA)/lemda);
Hyd_2=sin(2*pi*f_sig*t-2*pi*(d/2)*sind(DOA)/lemda);

%Formation of Sinusoidal dipole using two hydrophones Hyd_1 & Hyd_2
Sine_Dipole_1=(Hyd_1-Hyd_2);

%Formation of Sinusoidal by multiplying with sin(DOA)
Sine_Dipole_2=sin(2*pi*f_sig*t)*sind(DOA);

plot(Sine_Dipole_1(1:1000))
hold on
plot(Sine_Dipole_2(1:1000),'r')

Sine Dipole.jpg
 
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  • #2
The distance between the hydrophones is a small fraction of the wavelength, so they are nearly perfectly in phase. That makes the difference between them so small.

##\lambda## is lambda, by the way.
 

1. How does the Sine Dipole formation work using two hydrophones?

The Sine Dipole formation is a technique used in underwater acoustics to determine the direction of a sound source. It involves using two hydrophones, which are underwater microphones, to measure the arrival time and amplitude of a sound signal. By comparing the data from the two hydrophones, the direction of the sound source can be determined.

2. What is the advantage of using two hydrophones for Sine Dipole formation?

Using two hydrophones allows for more accurate direction finding compared to using a single hydrophone. This is because the two hydrophones provide two different measurements, which can be compared to determine the direction of the sound source. Additionally, using two hydrophones also helps to reduce the effects of background noise and reflections.

3. Can Sine Dipole formation be used in shallow water?

Yes, Sine Dipole formation can be used in shallow water. However, the accuracy of the technique may be affected by the water depth and the distance between the two hydrophones. In general, the technique works best in open water environments with minimal obstructions.

4. Is there a specific distance that the two hydrophones should be placed apart for Sine Dipole formation?

The distance between the two hydrophones should be at least half a wavelength of the sound signal being measured. This ensures that the two hydrophones are measuring the sound signal at different points and allows for accurate direction finding. However, the optimal distance may vary depending on the specific application and environmental factors.

5. What are the limitations of Sine Dipole formation using two hydrophones?

Some limitations of Sine Dipole formation include its dependence on the accuracy of the hydrophones and the assumption of a single sound source. Additionally, the technique may be affected by environmental factors such as water depth, background noise, and reflections. It is important to carefully consider these limitations when using Sine Dipole formation for direction finding.

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