Spectroscopic term of ground state electron configuration of Carbon atom

In summary, the ground state electron configuration of Carbon can be represented by 1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{2}. When considering the electrons in the 2p subshell, the possible values for S, L, and J are 0, 1, and 2 respectively. However, not all of these states are compatible with the Pauli principle and the correct answer is actually ^{1}S_{0}, ^{1}D_{2}, ^{3}P_{0}, ^{3}P_{1}, ^{3}P_{2}. This yields a total of 15 states, with multiplicities of 1, 1, 3, 3,
  • #1
boyu
20
0
The ground state electron configuration of Carbon atom is [tex]1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{2}[/tex]

For the electrons, [tex]1s^{2}2s^{2}[/tex], [tex]L=0[/tex], [tex]S=0[/tex]

So only consider electrons of [tex]2p^{2}[/tex], and

[tex]s_{1}=s_{2}=1/2 ---> S=0,1[/tex]
[tex]l_{1}=l_{2}=1 ---> L=0,1,2[/tex]

For S=0, L=0; J=0, so we have [tex]^{1}S_{0}[/tex]
For S=0, L=1; J=1, so [tex]^{1}P_{1}[/tex]
For S=0, L=2; J=2, so [tex]^{1}D_{2}[/tex]

For S=1, L=0; J=1, so [tex]^{3}S_{1}[/tex]
For S=1, L=1; J=0,1,2, so [tex]^{3}P_{0}, ^{3}P_{1}, ^{3}P_{2}[/tex]
For S=1, L=2; J=1,2,3, so [tex]^{3}D_{1}, ^{3}D_{2}, ^{3}D_{3}[/tex]

The above is based on my derivation. However, the correct answer is actually:
[tex]^{1}S_{0}, ^{1}D_{2}, ^{3}P_{0}, ^{3}P_{1}, ^{3}P_{2}[/tex]

My question is: where are all the other possible terms? Where is wrong in my derivation:
 
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  • #2
Not all the states you are constructing are compartible with the Pauli principle.
Namely you have six p-type spin orbitals and there are 15 (2 out of 6) possibilities.
Counting the multiplicities of the correct states you should also get 15.
The total number of states of your approach is 36 which would result from filling up the p orbitals with hypothetically distinguishable electrons.
 
  • #3
How to get 15 from counting the multiplicities from correct states? The spin multiplicities are 1, 1, 3, 3 & 3.
 
  • #4
You have to count the multiplicities of J not of S or L. The multiplicities of S and L are dispersed over states with different J.
 
  • #5
Many thanks! ^_^
 

1. What is the spectroscopic term of the ground state electron configuration of a Carbon atom?

The spectroscopic term of the ground state electron configuration of a Carbon atom is ^3P. This term indicates that the atom has three unpaired electrons in its outermost energy level and a total angular momentum of one unit.

2. How does the spectroscopic term of Carbon's ground state electron configuration relate to its physical properties?

The spectroscopic term of Carbon's ground state electron configuration is directly related to its physical properties, particularly its electronic and magnetic properties. The unpaired electrons in the ^3P term make Carbon a paramagnetic element, meaning it can be easily affected by external magnetic fields.

3. How is the spectroscopic term determined for an element's ground state electron configuration?

The spectroscopic term for an element's ground state electron configuration is determined by the number of unpaired electrons in the outermost energy level and the total angular momentum of those electrons. These parameters are calculated using the rules of quantum mechanics.

4. Can the spectroscopic term of Carbon's ground state electron configuration change?

Yes, the spectroscopic term of Carbon's ground state electron configuration can change if the atom is excited to a higher energy level. This can happen through various processes, such as absorption of energy or collisions with other particles.

5. How does the spectroscopic term of Carbon's ground state electron configuration compare to other elements?

The spectroscopic term of Carbon's ground state electron configuration is unique to Carbon and cannot be directly compared to other elements. However, the ^3P term is commonly found in other elements with similar electronic configurations, such as Nitrogen and Oxygen.

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