- #1
Erik Ayer
- 75
- 4
- TL;DR Summary
- HOM seems to entangle the paths of pairs of photons, but what is a good way to generate them?
Reading about the HOM effect, two photons come to a half-silvered mirror from opposite sides but they both end up going the same way - one always reflects while the other transmits. Which path they take is random but they both take the same path. Is the path they end up on initially a superposition of both, until they run into something and pick a path? If so, this sounds very much like an entangled state.
Also as I have read, the HOM effect depends on the two initial photons being indistinguishable. If they have definite and opposite polarizations, that would be distinguishable but having different phases would not. How close to simultaneous do the two photons have to hit the half-mirror? One experiment used photons downconverted with a non-linear optic and equal path lengths, but "equal" really means very close - getting them exact with infinite precision isn't possible.
Another experiment I read about used quantum dots to emit photons very regularly, and shifted one path to the half-mirror such that a photon and the next would be the ones to meet at the half-mirror (there must have been two quantum dots each emitting a photon). I would think that the phases of those two photons would not match, therefore the HOM effect doesn't require it and different phases don't make photons distinguishable. This would also mean the two photons, while ending up on the same path, don't have the same phase necessarily.
If two identical lasers were used as the sources for HOM, what percentage of the outgoing light would be in HOM pairs (in HOMiny)? It seems like it would be very low, since the probability of two photons to hit the mirror simultaneously would be very low. Of course, this depends on just how simultaneous they have to be.
What about using a lasing medium such that photons can be sent through it, and the peak probability is that one stimulated emission will occur so that most of the time, two photons come out for each one sent it (the lasing medium would not have mirrors on the side, but just be used for amplification)? Then the resulting beam could be put through a beam splitter that would break roughly half the pairs apart. Those two paths could be the input to the HOM half-mirror and, on average, half would then be path-entangled pairs. That should be a lot better than sending in beams from two different lasers.
I think I know just enough to spout a bunch of BS. What I'm hoping is that someone will be kind enough to point out said BS and the next time I ask questions, there will be slightly less BS :)
Also as I have read, the HOM effect depends on the two initial photons being indistinguishable. If they have definite and opposite polarizations, that would be distinguishable but having different phases would not. How close to simultaneous do the two photons have to hit the half-mirror? One experiment used photons downconverted with a non-linear optic and equal path lengths, but "equal" really means very close - getting them exact with infinite precision isn't possible.
Another experiment I read about used quantum dots to emit photons very regularly, and shifted one path to the half-mirror such that a photon and the next would be the ones to meet at the half-mirror (there must have been two quantum dots each emitting a photon). I would think that the phases of those two photons would not match, therefore the HOM effect doesn't require it and different phases don't make photons distinguishable. This would also mean the two photons, while ending up on the same path, don't have the same phase necessarily.
If two identical lasers were used as the sources for HOM, what percentage of the outgoing light would be in HOM pairs (in HOMiny)? It seems like it would be very low, since the probability of two photons to hit the mirror simultaneously would be very low. Of course, this depends on just how simultaneous they have to be.
What about using a lasing medium such that photons can be sent through it, and the peak probability is that one stimulated emission will occur so that most of the time, two photons come out for each one sent it (the lasing medium would not have mirrors on the side, but just be used for amplification)? Then the resulting beam could be put through a beam splitter that would break roughly half the pairs apart. Those two paths could be the input to the HOM half-mirror and, on average, half would then be path-entangled pairs. That should be a lot better than sending in beams from two different lasers.
I think I know just enough to spout a bunch of BS. What I'm hoping is that someone will be kind enough to point out said BS and the next time I ask questions, there will be slightly less BS :)