Thermodynamics: Irreversible process and entropy

In summary, the conversation discussed two questions from an assignment on thermodynamics. The first question asked for two examples of irreversible processes and their explanation on the microscopic scale. The second question clarified that no calculations were necessary, only a brief description. The conversation concluded by defining an irreversible process as one where the system and surroundings are not in equilibrium, and asking for real-life examples.
  • #1
zanthia
1
0

Homework Statement


Hi !

I'm stuck with these two questions of my assignment of thermodynamics

- Give two exemples of irreversible process (initial state, process, final state)
- For each of them, explain why they are irreversible on the microscopic scale.

Homework Equations


We are not asked any calculations here. I only need to describe with a few sentences.

The Attempt at a Solution


irreversible process => exemple : An engine (?) There's an irreversible process because of the Joule heating and frictions.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
An irreversible thermodynamic process for an arbitrary system is one during which the system and surroundings are not in equilibrium. So think of any real process.

AM
 

1. What is an irreversible process in thermodynamics?

An irreversible process in thermodynamics is a process that cannot be reversed and restored to its initial state without external intervention. This means that the system does not return to its original state once the process is completed. Examples of irreversible processes include heat transfer between two bodies at different temperatures, chemical reactions, and friction.

2. How is entropy related to irreversible processes in thermodynamics?

Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. In irreversible processes, the entropy of the universe (system + surroundings) always increases. This means that the system becomes more disordered and less structured. This is due to the fact that irreversible processes involve energy dissipation and the production of waste heat, which increases the randomness of the system.

3. Can an irreversible process ever be reversed?

No, an irreversible process cannot be reversed without external intervention. This is because irreversible processes are non-spontaneous and require external work or energy input to reverse them. This is in contrast to reversible processes, which can be reversed without any external intervention.

4. How is the second law of thermodynamics related to irreversible processes?

The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of a closed system (including the universe) always increases in a spontaneous process. Since irreversible processes are non-spontaneous, they go against the second law of thermodynamics. This means that they require external intervention to occur and cannot occur on their own.

5. What is the practical significance of irreversible processes in thermodynamics?

Irreversible processes are important in understanding real-world systems and processes, as many natural processes are irreversible. The study of irreversible processes in thermodynamics helps us understand the limitations and inefficiencies of various systems, such as engines and machines, and how to improve their performance. It also plays a crucial role in fields such as engineering, chemistry, and biology.

Similar threads

Thermodynamics Problem: Reversible and Irreversible Processes
    • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
929
B Entropy change for reversible and irreversible processes
    • Thermodynamics
Replies
12
Views
1K
I Focus Problem for Entropy Change in Irreversible Adiabatic Process
    • Thermodynamics
2
Replies
56
Views
3K
Entropy change and reversible/irreversible processes
    • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
2K
I Irreversible adiabatic processes & entropy change (clarification needed)
    • Thermodynamics
Replies
22
Views
2K
Entropy and the Laws of Thermodynamics
    • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
3
Views
729
I Irreversible Isochoric Process in a Cycle
    • Other Physics Topics
Replies
8
Views
2K
I Entropy change due to heat transfer between sources
    • Thermodynamics
Replies
15
Views
1K
I Elementary Ideas About Entropy -- Is this textbook example correct?
    • Thermodynamics
Replies
16
Views
850
Work done by irreversible and reversible processes
    • Mechanics
Replies
5
Views
1K

Hot Threads

Recent Insights

Back
Top