Universal Gravitation problem - Satellite Orbit

In summary, the conversation discusses a problem in which the objective is to find the velocity of a satellite orbiting the Earth, given the mass of the Earth, the mass of the satellite, and the radius of the satellite's orbit. The equations used to solve the problem are the gravitational force equation and Newton's second law. The conversation also includes attempts at solving the problem and a discussion on potential errors.
  • #1
Thewindyfan
68
19

Homework Statement


http://prntscr.com/9huihp
Given,
Mass of the Earth = 6*1024
Mass of Satellite = 45 kg
Radius of Satellite's orbit = 4.2*107
G = 6.67*10-11
Find the velocity of the satellite.

Homework Equations


Gravitational Force Fg = (G*Me*Ms)/(Rs2)
Newton's second law:
Fg = Ms*a where a = v2/Rs due to uniform circular motion.

The Attempt at a Solution


http://prntscr.com/9huloh
http://prntscr.com/9hulwt

I feel like I'm being thrown off either by the units being in km/s or by not accounting for the fact that the acceleration vector points in the -x direction, but I don't see why that would affect the magnitude of the velocity. Can anyone point me in the right direction as to what I may be neglecting, because these problems are usually pretty easy for me.
*ps. sorry if my writing is not legible enough to read!
 
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  • #2
Thewindyfan said:

Homework Statement


http://prntscr.com/9huihp
Given,
Mass of the Earth = 6*1024
Mass of Satellite = 45 kg
Radius of Satellite's orbit = 4.2*107
G = 6.67*10-11
Find the velocity of the satellite.

Homework Equations


Gravitational Force Fg = (G*Me*Ms)/(Rs2)
Newton's second law:
Fg = Ms*a where a = v2/Rs due to uniform circular motion.

The Attempt at a Solution


http://prntscr.com/9huloh
http://prntscr.com/9hulwt

I feel like I'm being thrown off either by the units being in km/s or by not accounting for the fact that the acceleration vector points in the -x direction, but I don't see why that would affect the magnitude of the velocity. Can anyone point me in the right direction as to what I may be neglecting, because these problems are usually pretty easy for me.
*ps. sorry if my writing is not legible enough to read!
Well, you have the correct formula for the orbital speed of the satellite. Did you check your arithmetic? That's a good place to start.

I checked your calculations, and I come up with a different result.
 
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Likes Thewindyfan
  • #3
SteamKing said:
Well, you have the correct formula for the orbital speed of the satellite. Did you check your arithmetic? That's a good place to start.

I checked your calculations, and I come up with a different result.
WOW.

Last time I did this problem I remembered making sure to take the square root of my answer but I still ended up not getting the correct answer, but now I did. Forgot to do the last step! Thank you.
 
  • #4
Hi windyfan:

Thewindyfan said:
*ps. sorry if my writing is not legible enough to read!
I confess that I do have trouble with the illegibility.

Re http://prntscr.com/9huloh
The equation that you derive looks OK.

Re http://prntscr.com/9hulwt
There is a need to keep track of units. I can't tell if you are doing that right or not since you don't include the units in your work. You are also not mentioning in section (1) the units for G and Rs. I suggest you do the work again writing all the units for each expression.

Hope this helps.

Regards,
Buzz
 
  • #5
Buzz Bloom said:
Hi windyfan:I confess that I do have trouble with the illegibility.

Re http://prntscr.com/9huloh
The equation that you derive looks OK.

Re http://prntscr.com/9hulwt
There is a need to keep track of units. I can't tell if you are doing that right or not since you don't include the units in your work. You are also not mentioning in section (1) the units for G and Rs. I suggest you do the work again writing all the units for each expression.

Hope this helps.

Regards,
Buzz
Thank you, because I realized it was because of the unorganized way I did my work that I forgot to complete the arithmetic!

This thread can be closed. Thank you guys for pointing my errors out!
 

What is universal gravitation?

Universal gravitation is the law that describes the attraction between all objects in the universe. It states that every object in the universe exerts a force of attraction on every other object, and this force is directly proportional to the masses of the objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

How does universal gravitation affect satellite orbit?

Universal gravitation is the force responsible for keeping satellites in orbit around a larger celestial body, such as the Earth. The gravitational pull of the Earth on the satellite creates a centripetal force that keeps the satellite in a stable orbit.

What factors affect the orbit of a satellite?

The orbit of a satellite is affected by several factors, including the mass of the satellite, the mass of the celestial body it is orbiting, and the distance between them. Other factors such as atmospheric drag, solar winds, and gravitational pull from other celestial bodies can also affect the orbit.

Why do satellites in higher orbits have longer orbital periods?

The orbital period of a satellite is the time it takes for the satellite to complete one full orbit around the celestial body it is orbiting. According to Kepler's third law of planetary motion, the orbital period is directly proportional to the distance between the satellite and the celestial body. Therefore, satellites in higher orbits have longer orbital periods because they have to travel a greater distance to complete one orbit.

How are satellite orbits calculated?

Satellite orbits are calculated using mathematical equations based on the principles of universal gravitation. The mass and orbital parameters of the satellite and the celestial body it is orbiting are used to determine the orbital speed, orbital period, and trajectory of the satellite. These calculations are crucial for successful satellite launches and maintaining satellite orbits.

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