What Causes Scattering in Optics and How Does it Apply to X-rays?

In summary, diffusers can be used to scatter light in all directions and act as an analog lightsource, as seen in LCD screens. The scattering is caused by refraction, and this principle can also apply to higher-energy optics such as x-rays. However, for x-rays, materials that significantly influence them, such as small crystals, would be needed. The same size diffusers may not work and thicker ones might be required.
  • #1
compro21
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You can put a diffuser in front of a visual light source (i.e. lightbulb) that will scatter light in all directions. In effect, the diffuser acts as an analog lightsource by making light go in all directions (some of the enegry will be absorbed). LCD screens use diffusers to spread out their backlight and give a more even lighting appearance. (The simplest example is a piece of paper in front of a lightbulb).

Anyway, I was wondering a few things: what optical property causes the scattering? is it Diffraction or Refraction? Does this same principle apply to higher-energy optics, such as x-rays? Would the same size diffusers work, or would they have to be thicker?
 
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  • #2
I would expect that refraction dominates for most setups.
For x-rays, you need materials which influence x-rays significantly. Many small crystals could work.
 

1. What is the diffraction of X-rays?

The diffraction of X-rays is a physical phenomenon in which X-rays are scattered or bent when they pass through a material or around an object. This scattering is caused by the interaction between the X-rays and the atoms in the material. The resulting diffraction pattern can provide information about the structure and composition of the material.

2. How is X-ray diffraction used in science?

X-ray diffraction is commonly used in various scientific fields, including physics, chemistry, and biology. It is used to study the atomic and molecular structure of materials, such as crystals, proteins, and DNA. This can provide important information about the properties and behavior of these materials.

3. What equipment is needed for X-ray diffraction?

The equipment needed for X-ray diffraction includes an X-ray source, a sample holder, and a detector. The X-ray source produces a beam of X-rays, which is directed towards the sample. The sample holder positions the sample in the path of the X-rays. The detector collects and records the diffraction pattern produced by the X-rays after they pass through the sample.

4. What are the benefits of using X-ray diffraction?

X-ray diffraction has several benefits in scientific research. It is a non-destructive technique, meaning that it does not damage the sample being studied. It also provides high resolution and detailed information about the structure of materials. In addition, X-ray diffraction can be used to study a wide range of materials, from small molecules to large biological structures.

5. What are the limitations of X-ray diffraction?

Despite its advantages, X-ray diffraction also has some limitations. One limitation is that it requires a crystalline sample, meaning the atoms in the material are arranged in a regular pattern. This makes it difficult to study materials that are not naturally crystalline, such as liquids or amorphous solids. Additionally, X-ray diffraction can only provide information about the structure of a material, not its dynamic properties.

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