Why do particles in a falling coach get closer together?

In summary: Even when the coach is rising, there is still a gravitational force acting on the particles. This force may be weaker, but it is still present and causing the particles to move closer together. This is because the particles are not in a uniform gravitational field and are being affected differently by the nonuniform gravitational field of Earth. Therefore, the distance between the particles will still decrease, even when the coach is rising. In summary, the distance between particles within a falling coach decreases due to the nonuniform gravitational field of Earth, while the Inverse Square Law explains why the distance does not change when the coach rises.
  • #1
Ashshahril
4
1
Homework Statement
You are launched upward inside a railway coach in a horizontal position with respect to the surface of Earth, as shown in the figure (attached pdf). After the launch, but while the coach is still rising, you release two ball bearings at opposite ends of the train and at rest with respect to the train.

Riding inside the coach, will you observe the distance between the ball bearings to increase or decrease with time?
Relevant Equations
F ∝ 1/R^2
As widely separated particles within a large enclosed space are differently affected by the nonuniform gravitational field of Earth, to use the Newtonian way of speaking, two particles released side by side are both attracted toward the center of Earth, so they move closer together as measured inside a falling long narrow horizontal railway coach. This has nothing to do with "gravitational attraction" between the particles, which is entirely negligible. (Spacetime Physics, Second Edition by Edwin F. Taylor and John Archibald Wheeler; ISBN:0-7167-2327-1)

So, when the coach fall toward Earth, the particles get attracted by the center of Earth. As a result, their distance decreases. But when the coach rise above, due to the Inverse Square Law, the gravitational force gets weaker and weaker. As a result, the particles mustn't change their position. But, in the case of this question, the distance will decrease according to the answer of “Spacetime Physics” book. But I don't understand why. I know that it is so, so that you cannot distinguish rising from falling (inertial reference frame) but how can the distance between the particles decrease in this particular case?
 

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  • #2
Ashshahril said:
But when the coach rise above, due to the Inverse Square Law, the gravitational force gets weaker and weaker. As a result, the particles mustn't change their position.
"Weaker and weaker" is not the same thing as non-existent.
 

1. Why do particles in a falling coach get closer together?

Particles in a falling coach get closer together due to the force of gravity. As the coach falls, the particles are pulled towards the center of the Earth, causing them to become more compact.

2. Does the speed of the coach affect the distance between particles?

Yes, the speed of the coach does affect the distance between particles. As the coach falls faster, the particles will experience a greater force of gravity, causing them to get closer together at a faster rate.

3. What happens to the particles when the coach reaches terminal velocity?

When the coach reaches terminal velocity, the particles will no longer accelerate and will maintain a constant distance from each other. This is because the force of gravity is balanced by air resistance, causing the coach to fall at a constant speed.

4. Are the particles in a falling coach evenly distributed?

No, the particles in a falling coach are not evenly distributed. The force of gravity acts on each particle individually, causing them to move at different speeds and distances from each other.

5. How does the shape of the coach affect the distance between particles?

The shape of the coach does not directly affect the distance between particles. However, the shape may impact the air resistance and the speed at which the coach falls, ultimately affecting the distance between particles.

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