Why is there reverse current in diode equation?

In summary, when deriving the diode equation, it is assumed that there is no drift. However, a reverse current, which is a drift, is still present in the result. This can be explained by the diffusion phenomenon, where there is a diffusion current from the n-type material to the p-type material, and vice versa. These opposite currents cancel each other out within the depletion zone, but accumulate like charges on the edges. This diffusion is essential for the operational principle of diodes. The created depletion zone is responsible for drift currents, and in photo diode circuits, an external reverse bias is applied to increase the photo diode current. There is also typically a temperature-dependent leakage current, which is caused by the random thermal generation of
  • #1
satominari
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When deriving diode equation, it is assumed that there's no drift.
But still, in the result, we have a reverse current which is a drift...
I don't get where this comes from.
 
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  • #2
Even when the diode is not biased there is a diffusion current from n-type material to the p-type material because of difference in electron concentrations similar to the hole diffusion current from p-type material to the n-type material. These opposite currents carry like charges accumulating on he edges of the depletion zone while canceling each other within the depletion zone. These diffusion phenomenon is essential for the operational principal of the diods.
 
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  • #3
Yes. So created depletion zone is responsible for drift currents. Imagine the photoelectric effect for photo diods. Photons falling on the depletion zone of the diods liberate electrons biased by the electric fields already created by the diffusion currents. In a photo diod circuit, an external reverse bias is also applied to increase the photo diot current (signal).
 
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  • #4
You will most likely have a temperature-dependent leakage current. Also see post #3.
 
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  • #5
Svein said:
You will most likely have a temperature-dependent leakage current. Also see post #3.

Thanks for the reply. But could you explain or give me a link about temperature dependent leakage current? Thank you so much!
 
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  • #8
The minority carriers being discussed above are generated by random thermal generation of electron-hole pairs. The generation rate is temperature dependent.
 

1. Why is there reverse current in diode equation?

Reverse current in diode equation occurs because of the flow of minority carriers in the opposite direction of the forward current. This is caused by the built-in potential barrier in the diode, which prevents the flow of majority carriers in the reverse direction.

2. How does the built-in potential barrier cause reverse current in diode equation?

The built-in potential barrier is created by the difference in doping concentrations between the p-type and n-type regions of the diode. This barrier acts as a barrier to the flow of majority carriers in the reverse direction, resulting in reverse current.

3. Can reverse current be eliminated in a diode?

In theory, reverse current can be eliminated by applying a large enough reverse voltage to overcome the built-in potential barrier. However, in practical applications, this is not always possible and reverse current must be managed and minimized through proper circuit design.

4. What factors affect the amount of reverse current in a diode?

The amount of reverse current in a diode is affected by various factors such as temperature, doping concentration, and the physical structure of the diode. Higher temperatures and increased doping concentrations can lead to higher levels of reverse current.

5. Is reverse current always considered a problem in diode circuits?

No, reverse current can sometimes be intentionally used in certain applications, such as in diode-based voltage regulators or in switching circuits. However, in most cases, reverse current is undesirable and steps are taken to minimize its effects on circuit performance.

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