Thanks zefram that is pretty much what I was looking for.
Just a couple of follow up questions if you don't mind. For example how much energy to the next excited states for hydrogen (3,4,...) as well the energy need to bring about phase changes in hydrogen (you cited water which is far more...
IIRC In THEORY n can be any number (the math works out with any number) but in actuality n is usually a low number because the "atom" or atom wave loses coherence at progressively higher numbers.
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1. From Wikipedia -"
The Principal quantum number (usually written n) is the first quantum number of an atomic orbital. It represents the relative overall energy, and hence also the average distance from the nucleus, of an orbital. The sets of orbitals with the same n-value are often...
By energy level I mean the n number in Bohr model. The principle quantum number.
By "bump it up" I mean raise the energy level. Increasing the n value.
so the interaction between the molecules change but it has "nothing to do with the internal energies of the atoms themselves"?
Are you sure about that?
What then causes the change in the interactions? I would think the interactions are different because some change has occured. Remember...
Quantum Physics and the "Real" World
Could it be argued that the four energy levels of an atom relate to states of matter in our macro world?
For example something is a solid, then you bump it up an energy level and it becomes liquid, bump it up again and it becomes gas, again and it becomes...