bongas said:
Come on , the above answers are in now way an explanation but rather a little information on Induction.
What i need is the real reason why is current "Induced" in the wire ... how does a disturbance in the wire causes a current to flow?
Questions of "why" are not that easy to answer in physics. The scientific process is one of doing experiments and uncovering simple laws, so that complex things can be understood. We often are successful in explaining why complex processes happen in terms of the fundamental laws. So, answering why a complex process happens is sometimes possible if we are intelligent enough to figure out how to use fundamental laws to calculate and predict the behavior of complex systems. Still, we end up scratching our heads if we try to explain why the fundamental laws are true. Some laws do seem obvious from symmetry principles if you study deeply, but a full explanation has never been possible. In a very real sense, science is more often a "description" of nature, rather than an "expanation" of nature. However, even that is not perfectly accurate since most people feel they have deeper understandings of nature after years of studying physics, which is the one field of science that tries to dig into the most fundamental laws, more than any other field.
In this case, you are asking a question of "why is current induced in a wire?" and "how does a disturbance in the wire cause current to flow?". These questions are basically asking why a fundamental law (called Faraday's Law) is true, which is very hard to answer. It is possible to delve into a deeper understanding of Faraday's Law by looking at symmetries, special relativity and the known fact that electric and magnetic fields are not separate entities, but intimately related as components of one electromagnetic field tensor. In a sense, it comes down to thinking about what a simple electric field from a charge looks like to a moving observer (looks like a magnetic field from a current) and following this through its implications for electric/magnetic fields and inclusion of the principles of relativity (speed of light is constant and physical laws have the same form, as determined in all inertial frames).
In a nutshell, you are asking why a fundamental law called Faraday's Law is true. From one point of view, you can just accept that as an unexplainable fact of nature. From another point of view, you can develop a deeper understanding if you study (which takes considerable time) the various ideas above (and much more).
You can also go a little deeper if you are willing to accept as facts the definition of Lorentz force (and the implied definition of electric field and magnetic field), the tenents of special relativity (particularly Lorentz invariance), the conservation of charge and the conservation of magnetic flux. These fundamental principles can be used to show that Faraday's Law must be true. However, it is equally valid to accept Faraday's Law as a fundamental law in itself, and then say that some of the the other principles are a consequence of that. This kind of axiomatic approach can get very tricky, and is not all that helpful for intuitive understandings. Also, as soon as you think you've got the axioms and structure right, a theoretician will tell you it's the wrong way.
Anyway, I doubt any of the above helps greatly, but maybe it will inspire you to study over the long term. You didn't answer my question as to what level you are at in terms of math and science, but I get the impression you were talking to your high school teacher. Hence, I've attached a simple description of Faraday's Law (it's not perfect or complete, but sufficient for a general introduction) appropriate for that level.
