What is galaxy harassment: Definition and 1 Discussions
Interacting galaxies (colliding galaxies) are galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another. An example of a minor interaction is a satellite galaxy disturbing the primary galaxy's spiral arms. An example of a major interaction is a galactic collision, which may lead to a galaxy merger.
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/790/2/L33/pdf
In section 3, it states that during a 1:1 prograde passage, bar formations are visible in both galaxies, whereas in the retrograde version, there are no bar formations in either galaxy. I would like to understand the physics...