A Function with no Derivative?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the existence of functions that are non-differentiable at every point, exploring examples and implications of such functions. Participants consider both theoretical and intuitive aspects of these functions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant inquires about the existence of a function that is non-differentiable at every point, mentioning functions with cusps and asymptotic behavior.
  • Another participant asserts that there are functions continuous everywhere but differentiable nowhere, providing the Weierstrass function as an example.
  • Brownian motion is introduced as an intuitive example of a continuous function that is not differentiable at any point due to its random movement.
  • A participant expresses curiosity about how to plot the function defined as 0 for rational numbers and 1 for irrational numbers.
  • Another participant responds that plotting such a function accurately is not feasible, suggesting that only a simplified approximation could be made.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that functions exist which are continuous everywhere and differentiable nowhere, but the discussion includes various examples and interpretations without reaching a consensus on the plotting of specific functions.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the nature of continuity and differentiability, as well as the limitations of representing certain functions graphically.

FeDeX_LaTeX
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Hi,

Is there any function defined such that it is non-differentiable at every point?

Of course, cusps and asymptotic graphs aren't differentiable at those points, but what about one that can't be differentiated anywhere? I know there are crazy functions like defining some function to be 0 if x is rational and 1 if x is irrational.

Thanks.
 
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There are in fact functions which are continuous at every point and differentiable nowhere. They're pretty complicated. One example:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weierstrass_function

One example that's maybe easier to explain intuitively is Brownian motion. The basic idea is that you have an object that's moving up or down at random. Then f(t) is the height of the object at time t. Then the height of the object is continuous, but over arbitrarily small time intervals it changes whether it's moving up or down, so the derivative is not defined
 
Thanks for the reply. I have heard of the Weierstrass function but did not know it was differentiable nowhere. Thanks for this.

I sort of get what you mean by the Brownian motion example.

How would one plot a graph of the function I alluded to, where f(x) = 0 if x is rational and f(x) = 1 if x is irrational?
 
Last edited:
FeDeX_LaTeX said:
How would one plot a graph of the function I alluded to, where f(x) = 0 if x is rational and f(x) = 1 if x is irrational?

You wouldn't. The best you could do is plot a grossly simplified kind-of sort-of approximation with a discrete number of values on a small interval.
 

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