I An identity of hyperbolic functions

1. Oct 18, 2016

Karol

Prove: $(\cosh(x)+\sinh(x))^n=\cosh(nx)+\sinh(nx)$
Newton's binomial: $(a+b)^n=C^0_n a^n+C^1_n a^{n-1}b+...+C^n_n b^n$ and: $(a-b)^n~\rightarrow~(-1)^kC^k_n$
I ignore the coefficients.
$$(\cosh(x)+\sinh(x))^n=\cosh^n(x)+\cosh^{n-1}\sinh(x)+...+\sinh^n(x)$$
$$\cosh^n(x)=(e^x+e^{-x})^n=e^{nx}+e^{(n-2)x}+e^{(n-4)x}+...+e^{-nx}$$
$$\cosh^{n-1}\sinh(x)=(e^x+e^{-x})^{n-1}(e^x-e^{-x})=...=e^{nx}-e^{-nx}$$
I use this result in the next derivations:
$$\cosh^{(n-2)}x\sinh^2(x)=[(e^x+e^{-x})^{n-1}(e^x-e^{-x})](e^x-e^{-x})=...=e^{nx}+e^{-nx}-e^{(n-2)x}-e^{-(n-2)x}$$
$$\cosh^{(n-3)}x\sinh^3(x)=[(e^x+e^{-x})^{n-1}(e^x-e^{-x})](e^x-e^{-x})^2=...=e^{nx}-e^{-nx}+2e^{-(n-2)x}+e^{(n-4)x}-2e^{(n-2)x}-e^{-(n-4)x}$$

2. Oct 18, 2016

Staff: Mentor

You cannot "ignore the coefficients". They are important.

Can you use complex numbers?

Did you try induction?

3. Oct 18, 2016

Karol

I ignored coefficients to see if my method brings me somewhere, later i would have considered them.
I don't know complex numbers good, i will try to learn. the same for induction

4. Oct 18, 2016

PeroK

What is $cosh(x) + sinh(x)$? Maybe it's something quite simple?

5. Oct 18, 2016

Karol

$$\cosh(x)+\sinh(x)=2e^x~~\rightarrow~~(\cosh(x)+\sinh(x))^n=(2e^x)^n=2^ne^{nx}=2^{n-1}(\cosh(nx)+\sinh(nx))$$
The prefix $2^{n-1}$ is redundant

6. Oct 18, 2016

PeroK

$$\cosh(x)+\sinh(x)=e^x$$

7. Oct 18, 2016

Karol

$$\cosh(x)+\sinh(x)=\frac{1}{2}(e^x+e^{-x})+\frac{1}{2}(e^x-e^{-x})=e^x$$
Thank you PeroK and mfb

8. Oct 18, 2016

Ssnow

not redundant, simply there isn't ...