Angle in Spherical coordinates

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the cosine of the angle between two vectors in spherical coordinates, specifically vectors \(\vec{a} = (r_a,\theta_a,\phi_a)\) and \(\vec{b} = (r_b,\theta_b,\phi_b)\). The user proposes that the cosine of the angle should be expressed as \(cos(\theta) = 1 + sin(\theta_a)sin(\theta_b)cos(\phi_a - \phi_b)\) but questions the validity of the constant term "1". The consensus suggests that the correct formulation should replace "1" with \(cos(\theta_a)cos(\theta_b)\) for accurate results in quantum mechanics applications.

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  • Understanding of spherical coordinates
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Matterwave
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I have to proove something in QM but I'm stuck on a bit of math.

Say I have two vectors:

[tex]\vec{a} = (r_a,\theta_a,\phi_a)[/tex]
and
[tex]\vec{b} = (r_b,\theta_b,\phi_b)[/tex]

What is the cosine of the angle between them? If my proof is to work the cosine of the angle between them have to be:

[tex]cos(\theta)=1+sin(\theta_a)sin(\theta_b)cos(\phi_a-\phi_b)[/tex]

I think the 1 is erroneous and should be replaced with
[tex]cos(\theta_a)cos(\theta_b)[/tex]
But I'm not sure and I can't figure out what I did wrong...Which one is it? Is it either?
 

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