Asteroid colliding with a planet

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the mass of an asteroid required to extend the Earth's day by 26% due to a collision at the equator. Using the conservation of angular momentum, the final angular velocity is determined to be 74% of the initial velocity. The calculations lead to the conclusion that the mass of the asteroid must be approximately 0.141 times the mass of the Earth (m = 0.141M) to achieve this change in rotation period.

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Homework Statement


Suppose that an asteroid traveling straight toward the center of the Earth were to collide with our planet at the equator and bury itself just below the surface.

What would have to be the mass of this asteroid, in terms of the Earth's mass M , for the day to become 26.0% longer than it presently is as a result of the collision? Assume that the asteroid is very small compared to the Earth and that the Earth is uniform throughout.

Homework Equations


Conservation of angular momentum: Linitial = Lfinal

The Attempt at a Solution


ωfinal = (0.74)ωinitial (This makes the final speed 26% slower than the original)Linitial = Lfinal
Iinitialωinitial = Ifinalωfinal
Iinitialωinitial = Ifinal(0.74)ωinitialinitial cancel out)
(2/5)MR2 = ((2/5)MR2 + mR2)(0.74) (R2's cancel out)
(2/5)M = ((2/5)M + m) (0.74) (Distribute the 0.74)
(2/5)M = ((1.48/5)M + 0.74m)
0.74 m = (2/5)M - (1.48/5)M
0.74m = M((2/5) - (1.48/5))
0.74m = 0.104M
m = 0.141M

This answer is m = 0.104M which is on the right side of the second to last line (0.74m = 0.104M), but I still have the 0.74 on the left side. Where is my mistake?
 
Last edited:
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The rotation period is given by ##\frac{2 \pi}{ω}## for whatever the current value of ω is. For the new period to be 26% larger, then
$$\frac{2 \pi}{ω_f} = 1.26 \frac{2 \pi}{ω_o} $$
 
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