bodhi said:
how close are the atoms in any solid, is all the space possible in a solid is filled up by its atom finally can we consider an atom an isolated body ,or can size of strings pass between inter atomic spaces.i believe atoms in the solid is not actually in contact but there exists infinitsimally small distance in them.
There you carry with you a lot of clandestine postulates.
Let's try to disclose them.
You postulate that atoms are kind of solid spheres, balls, maybe with strings between them.
You think that between these solid balls, there is vacuum in-between.
Nothing such exists.
Each of the electronic cloud forming any isolated atom (in vapor) is fuzzy.
In a molecule or a crystal, these fuzzy electronic clouds interact.
In a covalent solid such as diamond carbon or boron, the bonds are sharing of pairs of electrons, with antiparallel spins, with strong spatial orientations. Diamond carbon and boron are stiff to shear stress.
In the quartz, the bond between Oxygen and Silicon is partly covalent, partly ionic, so the bulk of the volume is Oxygen, with small cations.
In metals, the bond is the metallic one, where the valence electrons form a pool, very mobile, where each one is several tens of interatomic distances long and wide, running at the Fermi speed, and bouncing from phonon to phonon, or other crystalline defects.
At 0 K, in a perfect crystal, each conduction electron should be as wide as the crystal itself.
In metals, the metallic bond is not spatially oriented, that makes dislocations so easy to produce and move, and makes the metals so plastic.
