Balancing a plank on a cylinder

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves a uniform thin rigid plank of length 2b that rolls without slipping on a circular log of radius a. The plank is initially in equilibrium and is disturbed slightly, leading to a question about the period of small oscillations.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to derive the angular acceleration and moment of inertia, leading to a differential equation for oscillation. Some participants question the sign of the angular acceleration and the correctness of the torque calculation.

Discussion Status

Participants are actively discussing the signs of various quantities and the implications for the equations derived. There is an acknowledgment of a mistake in the torque calculation, and some guidance has been provided regarding the expected behavior of the system.

Contextual Notes

There are assumptions about small angle approximations and uniform mass distribution. The discussion also reflects on the implications of these assumptions on the derived equations.

simon janssens
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Homework Statement


The figure shows a uniform thin rigid plank of length 2b which can roll
without slipping on top of a rough circular log of radius a. The plank is initially
in equilibrium, resting symmetrically on top of the log, when it is slightly
disturbed. Find the period of small oscillations of the plank.
VLwrVGz.png

2. Additional context
The wording of the question implicates that we can use sinϑ ≈ ϑ and cosϑ ≈ 1 because ϑ2 ≈ 0.
The plank has no thickness and the mass is uniformly distributed.
Gravity is constant.

The Attempt at a Solution


I figured that the resulting force is always pointed perpendicular to the plank in the center of mass. This results in a torque τ = r × F .
r = |GC| = ϑa because there is no slipping
|F| = mgcosϑ = mg (rounding for small angles)
so the torque is τ = mgaϑ

Then I try calculating the moment of inertia of the plank, I use the formula for parallel axes of rotation so that the moment of inertia is I = ICM + mh2
ICM = ml2/12 = mb2/3
mh2 = m|GC|2 = ma2ϑ2 = 0
so the moment of inertia is I = mb2/3

This gives me enough to calculate the angular acceleration, ϑ'' = τ/I = 3ga/b2 ⋅ ϑ
I deduce that ϑ is directly proportional with its second derivative.
ϑ has to be of the form eλt or Asin(ωt +φ0).
Because I'm looking for an oscillation, my guess is that it will be of the latter.
Now I have 3 variables and 3 equations, at t = 0 we get :
ϑ(0) = ϑ0 = Asin(ω⋅0 +φ0)
ϑ'(0) = 0 = ωAcos(ω⋅0 +φ0)
ϑ''(0) = 3ga/b2 ⋅ ϑ0 = -ω2Asin(ω⋅0 +φ0)

I tried solving these, but it didn't work, can you help me please ?
Thanks a lot,
S.
 

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simon janssens said:
This gives me enough to calculate the angular acceleration, ϑ'' = τ/I = 3ga/b2 ⋅ ϑ
.
When θ is positive, will its acceleration be positive or negative?
 
haruspex said:
When θ is positive, will its acceleration be positive or negative?
It should be negative, because the plank is always accelerating towards the point of equilibrium. So should it be ϑ''(0) = -3ga/b2 ⋅ ϑ ?
I probably made a mistake with the vector product τ = r × F
 
UPDATE ----
thanks to haruspex I noticed that i calculated τ = r × F incorrectly, when taking clockwise as positive, the torque should be negative.
This makes the angular acceleration opposed to ϑ, as expected.
this gives 3 equations and 3 variables, as before :
ϑ(0) = ϑ0 = Asin(φ0)
ϑ'(0) = 0 = ωAcos(φ0)
ϑ''(0) = -3ga/b2 ⋅ ϑ0 = -ω2Asin(φ0) = -ω2ϑ0

this solves to
φ0 = π/2
A = ϑ0
ω = 1/b ⋅√(3ga/ϑ0)
the period of this function is T = 2πb√(ϑ0/(3ga))

is this correct ? can someone check please ?
 
simon janssens said:
ω = 1/b ⋅√(3ga/ϑ0)
I would not expect ω to depend on the amplitude. Please check your working.
 

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