Basic Differential Eqn - initial value problem

In summary, the equation dy/dt = ay - b with initial condition y(0) = y_o can be rewritten as (dy/dt)/[y - (b/a)] = a. However, it may not be immediately obvious how to make this algebraic step. The problem at the end of the chapter is designed to use this equation, specifically (dy/dt) = -y + 5. To solve this, you can rewrite it as (dy/dt)/[y - 5/(-1)] = -1 and follow the steps, starting with (ln[y - (5/(-1)]) = -1t + C. To begin, factor an a out of the right hand side and
  • #1
Zem
33
0
The equation starts with dy/dt = ay - b, and initial condition y(0) = y_o and y_o is an arbitrary value. The book says this can be rewritten as:
(dy/dt)/[y - (b/a)] = a. But I don't see how do make that step algebraically. How can the original be rewritten like that?

A problem at the end of the chapter appears to be designed to use the above equation.
(dy/dt) = -y + 5

Am I correct in assuming I should rewrite it as this?
(dy/dt)/[y - 5/(-1)] = -1

Then follow the steps to solve that? Beginning with:
(ln[y - (5/(-1)]) = -1t + C
 
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  • #2
For the first step, factor an a out of the right hand side then divide both sides by (y-b/a).
 

1. What is a basic differential equation?

A basic differential equation is a mathematical equation that describes the relationship between a function and its derivatives. It is typically written in the form of f'(x) = g(x), where f'(x) represents the derivative of the function f(x) and g(x) represents the function itself.

2. What is an initial value problem in differential equations?

An initial value problem is a type of differential equation that involves finding a specific solution that satisfies both the equation and a given set of initial conditions. These initial conditions typically involve the values of the function and its derivatives at a specific point.

3. How do you solve a basic differential equation?

To solve a basic differential equation, you need to use mathematical techniques such as integration, separation of variables, or power series expansion. The goal is to find a function that satisfies the equation and the given initial conditions.

4. What are some real-world applications of basic differential equations?

Basic differential equations have many real-world applications, including modeling population growth, predicting the weather, and analyzing electrical circuits. They are also commonly used in physics, engineering, and economics.

5. Are there any software programs that can solve basic differential equations?

Yes, there are several software programs that can solve basic differential equations, such as MATLAB, Wolfram Alpha, and Maple. These programs use numerical methods to approximate solutions to differential equations and are commonly used by scientists and engineers.

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