Bragg law vs interference equaiton

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies the distinction between Bragg's law and the general condition for constructive interference in diffraction phenomena. Bragg's law is defined as n*lambda=2d*sin(alpha), where d represents the spacing between adjacent atoms or molecules in a crystal lattice. The general condition for constructive interference is expressed as n*lambda=d*sin(alpha), highlighting that the path difference must be a multiple of the wavelength. The differences in these equations arise from the specific geometries involved in crystal diffraction and transmission gratings.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Bragg's law and its application in crystallography
  • Familiarity with the concept of constructive interference and optical path difference (OPD)
  • Knowledge of Miller indices and their role in defining crystal structures
  • Basic principles of diffraction and interference patterns
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of Bragg's law and its implications in X-ray crystallography
  • Explore the relationship between Miller indices and crystal lattice parameters
  • Learn about the different geometries involved in diffraction experiments
  • Investigate the mathematical formulation of optical path difference (OPD) in various contexts
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics, materials science, and crystallography, particularly those interested in the principles of diffraction and interference in crystalline structures.

Chemist@
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The condition for constructive interference is: n*lambda=d*sin(alpha)
Bragg's law is n*lambda=2d*sin(alpha)
The diffraction from a crystal cell will also create an interference pattern, so why do these equations differ?
 
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The configuration is different, in transmission grating you have [see pict Grating 1].
While in crystal cell you have [see pict Grating 2].
 

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I would need more than that. Please elaborate.
 
Chemist@ said:
The condition for constructive interference is: n*lambda=d*sin(alpha)
Bragg's law is n*lambda=2d*sin(alpha)
The diffraction from a crystal cell will also create an interference pattern, so why do these equations differ?
This is not a general condition for constructive interference.
The general condition for constructive interference is that the path difference is a multiple of the wavelength.
Applying this to various geometries results in various formulas, as you just discovered. The formula for path difference depends on the specific geometry (and also on how you label the parameters).
 
So what is d or more specifically 2d in Bragg's law? I know that it depends on Miller indices, and it can be expressed through them and the side of the unit cell.
 
In Bragg's law d is the spacing between adjacent atoms/molecules. To derive those equations you need to know the general condition for constructive interference, which is ## OPD = N2\pi## with OPD abbreviated from optical path difference and N integer numbers. Analyzing the geometry in both figures will lead to different expressions of OPD of both cases.
 

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