Brewster's Angle and P-Polarization in Laser Design

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on Brewster's angle and its significance in minimizing Fresnel losses for p-polarized light in laser design. It confirms that laser light can be considered p-polarized, particularly in the context of HeNe lasers, where the discharge tube's faces are set at Brewster's angle. This configuration ensures that the p-polarized light experiences nearly 100% transmission, while s-polarized light suffers from reflective losses, impacting the laser's performance. The analysis highlights the importance of understanding polarization components in optimizing laser efficiency.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Fresnel equations and reflective losses
  • Knowledge of p-polarization and s-polarization concepts
  • Familiarity with Brewster's angle and its calculation
  • Basic principles of laser operation, particularly in HeNe lasers
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the calculation of Brewster's angle for various materials
  • Explore the design principles of HeNe lasers and their optical components
  • Learn about the impact of polarization on laser efficiency and performance
  • Investigate advanced laser designs that utilize polarization management techniques
USEFUL FOR

Optical engineers, laser designers, physicists, and anyone involved in the development and optimization of laser systems.

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Homework Statement


Fresnel losses occur between two different media that have different refractive indices. To reduce these losses we can change the angle of incidence to brewster's angle. At this angle, the amount of reflective loss is minimized for p-polarized light.

Do we assume that laser light is p-polarised to begin with? Is the flashlamp / flashtube p-polarised? After population inversion and electron's giving off photons, they do so in a p-polarised way?
 
Science news on Phys.org
The light can come in any polarization direction. Since E field is a vector, it can be decomposed into components. In the case of refraction and reflection at the interface, one typically consider the so-called P and S polarization direction. These directions are mutually perpendicular. The incoming light can then be decomposed into components along these two directions. When the light is incident at the Brewster angle, however, there is no reflection for the P component, i.e. all portion in the P direction gets transmitted. But the other component, the S component, still gets reflected.
 
I think I have seen the Brewster angle used in design of a HeNe laser where left and right outside face of the discharge tube are at the Brewster angle and the mirrors that complete the cavity are outside of the discharge tube. The resulting laser will then be very much p-polarized because the cavity Q wouldn't be high enough to have lasing properties for the s-polarization because of the reflective losses across the glass discharge faces. The p-polarization meanwhile has nearly 100% transmission across these faces.
 

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