Calc III: Vector parallel to the line of intersection

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on finding a vector parallel to the line of intersection of the tangent planes to a sphere S of radius 1 at two points P and Q, with spherical coordinates P: φ = 0.35π, θ = 0.8π and Q: φ = 0.7π, θ = 0.75π. The Cartesian coordinates for these points are P (-0.72083942, 0.26684892, -0.80901699) and Q (-0.5720614, -0.41562694, -0.70710678). The tangent planes at these points are derived from the gradient of the sphere's equation, resulting in the equations: Tangent P = -1.44167x + 0.533698y - 1.161803z - 2.4906521 and Tangent Q = -1.1441228x - 0.83125388y - 1.4142136z - 2. The next step involves setting these equations equal to z and using parametric equations to find the desired vector.

PREREQUISITES
  • Spherical coordinates conversion to Cartesian coordinates
  • Understanding of tangent planes and their equations
  • Knowledge of vector calculus and gradients
  • Familiarity with parametric equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of tangent planes from implicit functions
  • Learn about vector equations and their applications in calculus
  • Explore parametric equations and their use in finding intersections
  • Review the properties of gradients in multivariable calculus
USEFUL FOR

Students studying calculus, particularly those focusing on vector calculus and geometric interpretations of tangent planes and intersections.

Seri
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Homework Statement


Hi there,

Two points on the sphere S of radius 1 have spherical coordinates P: \phi = 0.35 \pi, \theta = 0.8 \pi and Q: \phi = 0.7 \pi, \theta = 0.75 \pi. Find a vector parallel to the line of intersection of the tangent planes to S at the points P and Q.


2. The attempt at a solution
First, I converted spherical to cartesian coordinates.
Cartesian:
P (-.72083942, .26684892, -.80901699)
Q (-.5720614, -.41562694, -.70710678)

Then, I found two tangent planes at P and Q. To do this, I found the gradient of the general sphere equation x^2 + y^2 +z^2 = 1. And then the general equation of the tangent plane for each point.

Tangent P = -1.44167x + .533698y - 1.161803z -2.4906521

Tangent Q = -1.1441228x - .83125388y - 1.4142136z -2



3. Relevant equations
I'm lost on what to do after that though. I talked to a tutor about this question and he said to set the two equation so that they equal z. Then add them together to get a single equation of a line. And then use parametrics since it's asking for a vector parallel. Does this sound right?
 
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Seri said:
Tangent P = -1.44167x + .533698y - 1.161803z -2.4906521

Tangent Q = -1.1441228x - .83125388y - 1.4142136z -2

That looks very complicated. :frown:

The tangent planes at P and Q are perpendicular to OP and to OQ.

So they're simply r.P = 0 and r.Q = 0, and they intersect in the line r.P = r.Q = 0.

Try that! :smile:
 

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