Calculating Decay Constant of Damped Oscillations

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

Marie is calculating the decay constant (τ) for damped oscillations of a glider on an air track, where the amplitude decreases to 50% in 10 seconds. The relevant equation for τ is τ = -log e/slope, derived from the exponential decay function e^(-kt). By substituting the known values, specifically e^(-k*10) = 1/2, and applying the natural logarithm, the decay constant can be accurately determined.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of exponential decay functions
  • Familiarity with logarithmic equations
  • Knowledge of damped oscillations in physics
  • Ability to interpret graphical data
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the decay constant in damped oscillations
  • Learn about the relationship between amplitude and time in exponential decay
  • Explore the application of natural logarithms in physics problems
  • Investigate graphical methods for analyzing damped motion
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on oscillatory motion and decay processes, as well as educators seeking to explain the concepts of damped oscillations and decay constants.

h6872
Messages
9
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement



Marie observes damped oscillations of a glider on an air track. She observed that the amplitude decreased to 50% of its original value after 10 seconds. What is the decay constant for the motion of the glider?


Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution



It seems the equation including the decay constant (involving the displacement, amplitude, angular frequency, and time) seems a little overcomplicated, considering the information given for this particular example.

However, I do know that if the motion of the damped glider is plotted, then the decay constant τ can be derived from the equation τ = -log e/slope. From the information given, I know that the graph will be of an exponential function, but how do I know what the slope of it would be given a 50% reduction in 10 seconds? Please help!
 
Physics news on Phys.org
h6872 said:

Homework Statement



Marie observes damped oscillations of a glider on an air track. She observed that the amplitude decreased to 50% of its original value after 10 seconds. What is the decay constant for the motion of the glider?

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution



It seems the equation including the decay constant (involving the displacement, amplitude, angular frequency, and time) seems a little overcomplicated, considering the information given for this particular example.

However, I do know that if the motion of the damped glider is plotted, then the decay constant τ can be derived from the equation τ = -log e/slope. From the information given, I know that the graph will be of an exponential function, but how do I know what the slope of it would be given a 50% reduction in 10 seconds? Please help!

Won't the equation be proportional then to e(-kt) ?

Doesn't that mean then that e(-k*10) = 1/2 ?

What happens if you then take the natural log of both sides?
 

Similar threads

Replies
9
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
843
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
3K
  • · Replies 11 ·
Replies
11
Views
3K
  • · Replies 11 ·
Replies
11
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
1K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
6K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
1K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K