Calculation Of the energy Of beta decay in tritium

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the calculation of energy emitted in the form of beta radiation from tritium, specifically in the context of commercially available products like "Tritiglows." Participants explore the decay process of tritium, the energy calculations involved, and the implications of these calculations on understanding the product's radiation output.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant attempts to calculate the energy emitted from tritium but presents the calculations in an unclear format, leading to requests for clearer symbolic representation.
  • Multiple participants point out that tritium does not decay into another isotope of hydrogen and emphasize the need for accurate decay product identification.
  • There is a discussion about the total energy released if all tritium atoms decay, with one participant noting that the energy is spread over decades.
  • Questions arise regarding the amount of tritium in "Tritiglows," with participants suggesting that the actual amount is likely much lower than what might be assumed based on product pricing.
  • One participant calculates the energy emitted in one second by a specific mass of tritium, leading to a discussion about the validity of the result and the implications for commercial applications.
  • Concerns are raised about the actual radiation emitted being minimal due to the low energy of tritium beta radiation and potential shielding effects from the product's packaging.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the decay process and the amount of energy emitted from tritium. There is no consensus on the exact calculations or the implications of the energy output, indicating ongoing debate and uncertainty.

Contextual Notes

Participants mention various assumptions regarding the decay process, the amount of tritium in commercial products, and the energy calculations, which may depend on specific definitions and interpretations of the decay products and energy release mechanisms.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to individuals exploring nuclear physics, particularly those curious about beta decay processes, energy calculations related to radioactive materials, and the practical implications of these concepts in commercial products.

Atomillo
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That is out of focus, illegible, and is a wall of numbers. Why not type out your calculation symbolically?
 
Tritium doesn't decay to another isotope of hydrogen plus an electron, that would violate charge conservation and baryon number conservation. You are also missing one decay product.

I have no idea what you try to calculate in the bottom part. Comments (in English!) would help.
 
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mfb said:
Tritium doesn't decay to another isotope of hydrogen plus an electron, that would violate charge conservation and baryon number conservation. You are also missing one decay product.

I have no idea what you try to calculate in the bottom part. Comments (in English!) would help.
I tried to calculate the percentatge of mass that converts into energy, then apply it to the 5 grams converted into amus and then input that value into E=MC squared. Also the fórmula is from wikipedia
 
Atomillo said:
I tried to calculate the percentatge of mass that converts into energy, then apply it to the 5 grams converted into amus and then input that value into E=MC squared. Also the fórmula is from wikipedia
Sorry. It decay into helium 4. My bad
 
It doesn't decay to helium-4 either.

If you have 5 grams of tritium where all atoms decay, the released energy will be quite large. It is spread out over decades, however, and you won't find any commercial product that contains 5 grams of tritium.
 
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Oh. Marketing fooled me. That makes sense, but leaves me with three questions. 1 how many Tritium is in one if the "Tritiglows"?
2 The energy calculated os the total energy produced un all the Life Of the isotope?
3 If that's the case, how can I calculate how many radiation will be produced in one second to convert It into Watts?
And thanks for all the help!
 
Atomillo said:
1 how many Tritium is in one if the "Tritiglows"?
That will depend on the specific product.
Tritium costs something like $100,000 per gram. Consider the price of the product and think how much tritium can be in there at most. The actual number will be much lower than that.
Atomillo said:
2 The energy calculated os the total energy produced un all the Life Of the isotope?
Well, you calculated the energy released if all atoms decay.
Atomillo said:
3 If that's the case, how can I calculate how many radiation will be produced in one second to convert It into Watts?
Divide by the lifetime to get the initial decay rate.
 
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  • #10
Thank you so much!
I really appreciate your help.
Because you answer perfectly my question how can I mark the answer or close the threat? As you can see, I am very new, both to the forum and to nuclear physics.
 
  • #11
Beta decay does release 18 keV energy per decay event, but not all of it is released in form of beta radiation.
Some of it is released in form of antineutrino, some in form of recoil of the helium 3 cation and some in form of chemical energy of the helium cation.
How can Atomillo calculate the energy that, on average, goes specifically to beta radiation?
 
  • #12
Atomillo said:
Because you answer perfectly my question how can I mark the answer or close the threat?
We typically don't close threads if they don't violate the forum rules, and the checkmark exists in the homework section only.

@snorkack: By integrating over the electron energy spectrum and neglecting the nuclear recoil. Please open a separate thread if you want to continue that.
 
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  • #13
Okey when I end the calculus should I post It here?
 
  • #14
Ok I have done the calculus of energy emitted in one second by 0,5 gramos of Tritium. The result is about 20,23 Watts. That is two Big or is It okay? Do I upload the math?
 
  • #15
That is too high - even if you take the total energy, not just the electron energy.
And 0.5 grams is way too much for commercial applications as well.
 
  • #16
Yes. I calculate how many Tritium gas in the vial ( for the dimensiones given) and I got 0,00017 g. Now all the math and results make a lot more sense. Thanks
 
  • #17
I would bet the actual amount of radiation being emitted is more towards zero, since tritium beta radiation is very low energy and would likely be stopped by the plastic vial containing it.
 
  • #18
It still produces some heat, that is independent of the shielding.

170 microgram is still on the high side for that thing.
 

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