Can Liquid Metals Defy Gravity and Form Perfect Spheres While Falling?

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    Falling Liquid Metal
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SUMMARY

Liquid metals, such as mercury, can form nearly perfect spheres when falling due to the dominance of surface tension over gravitational forces. This phenomenon is utilized in the production of lead shot and ball bearings, where molten lead is processed through a sieve to create uniform droplets. In free fall, the surface tension of the liquid metal causes it to minimize its surface area, resulting in spherical shapes. The gravitational pull of the droplets on themselves is negligible compared to the effect of surface tension.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of surface tension in liquids
  • Knowledge of fluid dynamics principles
  • Familiarity with the properties of liquid metals, particularly mercury
  • Basic concepts of gravitational forces and their effects on fluids
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the properties of mercury and its applications in various industries
  • Explore the principles of fluid dynamics related to droplet formation
  • Investigate the manufacturing processes of lead shot and ball bearings
  • Learn about the effects of surface tension in different liquids under varying conditions
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Engineers, materials scientists, and anyone interested in the behavior of liquid metals and their applications in manufacturing processes.

Brage Eidsvik
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Will liquid metals create droplets when falling or will they create different shapes?
 
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Welcome to PF;
They can form quite good spheres ... this is how lead shot used to be made.
Munitions companies would feed molten lead through a seive at the top of a tower, and it would literally rain little metal balls at the bottom.
http://www.ipenz.org.nz/heritage/itemdetail.cfm?itemid=2228
 
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Simon Bridge said:
They can form quite good spheres ... this is how lead shot used to be made.

Yup ... and ball bearings :smile:
 
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I believe in free fall all liquid will ball up do to the surface tension the same way they do on iss or even in deed space without any gravitational fields around to react on it there's a name for this but i just can't remember it right now and i know that rain / water when it falls in the sky it pancakes a little bit because of the air friction when falling

throw some would say that the balling effect in free fall or weightlessness is do to the gravitational pull of all the fluids particles on ever other particles in the fluid like the sun and the planets do but for smaller thing i think it the surface tension

hope this helps:cool:
 
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hsdrop said:
throw some would say that the balling effect in free fall or weightlessness is do to the gravitational pull of all the fluids particles on ever other particles in the fluid like the sun and the planets do but for smaller thing i think it the surface tension

The contribution from the droplet's own gravitational pull on itself is vanishingly small. The effect is essentially 100% from surface tension.
 
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Brage Eidsvik said:
Will liquid metals create droplets when falling or will they create different shapes?
They can have stronger surface tension than water, that pulls them into a sphere:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(element)
 

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