Can Nearby Contractions Imply Nearby Fixed Points?

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around a problem in metric space theory, specifically regarding strict contractions and their fixed points. The original poster presents a proof related to the distances between fixed points of two contractions under certain conditions.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to understand why their proof leads to a bound involving the maximum contraction coefficient rather than the minimum, suggesting a potential stronger result. Other participants confirm the validity of the proof and discuss the possibility of deriving the stronger result.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants affirming the correctness of the original poster's proof while exploring the implications of the contraction coefficients. There is a productive exchange regarding the nuances of the results derived from the proof.

Contextual Notes

Definitions of strict contractions and fixed points are provided to clarify terms used in the discussion. The context includes the application of the Contraction Mapping Theorem in a complete metric space.

mattmns
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Here is the question from our book:
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Let [itex](X,d)[/itex] be a complete metric space, and let [itex]f:X\to X[/itex] and [itex]g:X\to X[/itex] be two strict contractions on [itex]X[/itex] with contraction coefficients [itex]c[/itex] and [itex]c'[/itex] respectively. From the Contraction Mapping Theorem we know that [itex]f[/itex] has some fixed point [itex]x_0[/itex], and [itex]g[/itex] has some fixed point [itex]y_0[/itex]. Suppose we know that there is an [itex]\epsilon > 0[/itex] such that [itex]d(f(x),g(x)) \leq \epsilon[/itex] for all [itex]x \in X[/itex]. Show that [itex]d(x_0,y_0) \leq \epsilon/(1-\max(c,c'))[/itex]. Thus nearby contractions have nearby fixed points.
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Below is my proof. I believe everything I have is correct. My question is why do we not conclude that [itex]d(x_0,y_0) < \epsilon/(1-\min(c,c'))[/itex] as I believe this is a stronger result that follows (with very slight modification) from my proof below.

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Proof.

Let [itex]m = \max(c,c')[/itex].

So we have [itex]d(f(x),f(y)) < md(x,y)[/itex] and [itex]d(g(x),g(y)) < md(x,y)[/itex] for all [itex]x,y \in X[/itex].

Since [itex]x_0[/itex] is a fixed point of [itex]f[/itex], and [itex]y_0[/itex] is a fixed point of [itex]g[/itex], we know that [itex]f(x_0) = x_0[/itex], and [itex]g(y_0) = y_0[/itex]. Hence we get the following

[tex] \begin{align*}<br /> d(x_0,y_0) & = d(f(x_0),g(y_0)) \\<br /> & \leq d(f(x_0),f(y_0)) + d(f(y_0),g(y_0)) \\<br /> & \leq md(x_0,y_0) + \epsilon<br /> \end{align*}[/tex]

So [itex]d(x_0,y_0) \leq md(x_0,y_0) + \epsilon[/itex].

Hence, [itex]d(x_0,y_0)(1 - m) \leq \epsilon[/itex].

Therefore [tex]d(x_0,y_0) \leq \dfrac{\epsilon}{1 - \max(c,c')}[/tex].

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I can't see anything wrong, but there is probably some subtlety that I am missing. Any ideas? Thanks!Definitions if needed.

Strict contraction: Let [itex]f:X\to X[/itex] be a map, then [itex]f[/itex] is a strict contraction if [itex]d(f(x),f(y) < d(x,y)[/itex].

Fixed point: x is a fixed point of a function f if f(x) = x.

Contraction mapping theorem. Let [itex](X,d)[/itex] be a metric space, and let [itex]f:X\to X[/itex] be a strict contraction. Then f can have at most one fixed point. Moreover, if we assume X is complete and non-empty then f has exactly one fixed point.
 
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I don't see a problem.
 
The proof looks fine, and yes, with a slight modification of your proof you can derive the stronger result that replaces 'max' with 'min'.
 
Thanks! (10 char)[/color]
 

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