Polarizability is a measure of an atom's ability to be distorted by an external electric field. It is important in atoms because it affects their response to electric fields, which can impact their chemical and physical properties.
Polarizability is calculated using various theoretical methods such as density functional theory or coupled cluster theory. These methods use quantum mechanical principles to predict the polarizability of an atom.
Yes, the polarizability of multiple atoms can be summed together. This is because polarizability is an extensive property, meaning it scales with the size of the system.
In theory, there is no limit to the number of atoms that can be summed for polarizability. However, as the number of atoms increases, the accuracy of the calculation may decrease due to computational limitations.
Polarizability plays a crucial role in determining the dielectric properties of materials, such as their ability to conduct electricity. It also influences intermolecular interactions, which can impact the physical and chemical properties of molecules and materials.