Can the Speed of Light Change or Increase?

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The speed of light in a vacuum remains constant and cannot be changed, although it can vary in different materials, where it is slower. Light pulses can exhibit faster-than-light effects in certain media, leading to phenomena like phase velocity exceeding the speed of light, but group velocity, which carries information, cannot surpass it. Some theories suggest that the speed of light may have varied in the early universe, but these remain untestable with current observational capabilities. Everyday examples, such as the movement of wave fronts or laser dots, can create the illusion of speeds exceeding light, but no information is transmitted faster than light. Overall, while theoretical discussions about light speed variations exist, they align with the principles of relativity.
  • #31
Just for the record, I am not convinced about vgr being able to be vgr > c.
Just to add more to your confussion (not that I want to make you suffer, but...):
take a look at this experiment of Lijun Wang, where he reports a negative group velocity of -310c
http://physicsweb.org/articles/news/4/7/8/1
 
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  • #32
Well I was just about to call 911 until I read :

"There is no widespread agreement among physicists about the speed at which information is carried by pulses in such experiments."

and :

"The team intend to analyse this further..."

Whenever I get the chance, I'll look into this further. Cool stuff.
 
  • #33
I've been thinking today about this oddity called negative group velocity, then i',ve searched if there was such a thing called negative phase velocity and I've found this:
http://www.innovations-report.de/html/berichte/physik_astronomie/bericht-32117.html
"Whether viewed dimly through the haze and lights of a city or in all their glory in a pristine wilderness, the stars that surround the Earth are magnificent, and one day Earthlings will travel to some of the new planets that astronomers are locating. However, the stars we see are not necessarily where we think they are, according to an international research team.

"We know that the light from distant stars takes a very long time to reach the Earth," says Dr. Akhlesh Lakhtakia, distinguished professor of engineering science and mechanics, Penn State. "But, taking into account the distance a star will have moved while that light travels, we still may not be able to accurately locate the star.

Negative phase velocity media or materials with negative refractive index may be responsible for this locational uncertainty. Recently, materials researchers at the University of California San Diego, working with micro and nano materials, developed a metamaterial that had a negative refractive index for microwaves, proving that negative phase materials could exist at least in the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Their requirements for this material were that both the relative permittivity, a measure of the charge separation in a material, and the relative permeability, a measure of how electrons loop in materials, of a substance must be less than zero."
I'm glad that at least there's no such a thing called negative front velocity or negative signal velocity. at least according to google
 
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