Can (v1-v2) Prove the Existence of the Smallest Unit of Electric Charge?

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SUMMARY

The forum discussion centers on the oil drop experiment, where participants analyze the velocities (v1 and v2) of charged droplets under the influence of gravitational (Fg) and electric (FQ) forces. The relationship established is that (v1 - v2) is directly proportional to 2FQ, suggesting a method to demonstrate the existence of the smallest unit of electric charge. As multiple trials are conducted, the charge Q consistently appears as an integral multiple of a smaller charge, potentially the elementary charge (e). The challenge lies in accurately determining the mass of each droplet to ensure reliable results.

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  • Understanding of basic physics concepts, specifically forces (Fg and FQ).
  • Familiarity with the oil drop experiment methodology.
  • Knowledge of proportional relationships in physics.
  • Ability to perform experimental trials and data analysis.
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  • Learn about the calculation of electric charge and its quantization.
  • Explore methods for accurately measuring droplet mass in experiments.
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Physics students, educators, and researchers interested in experimental physics, specifically those studying electric charge and its fundamental properties.

Inquiring_Mike
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We recently did a lab where we were given an animation of the oil drop experiment, and we were supposed to find the velocity of the droplet when Fg and FQ were in the same direction (v1) and when Fg and FQ were in opposite directions (v2)... Then we found (v1 - v2) and were told to analyze and prove the existence of a smallest unit of electric charge...
Here is the work I've done so far...

v1 (is directly proportional to) Fg + FQ
v2 (is directly proportional to) Fg - FQ

Therefore,
(v1 - v2) (is directly proportional to) (Fg + FQ) - (Fg - FQ)
(v1 - v2) (is directly proportional to) Fg -Fg + 2FQ
(v1 - v2) (is directly proportional to) 2FQ

Am I completely off track, can the fact that (v1-v2) is directly proportional to 2FQ be used to prove the existence of the smallest unit of electric charge?
 
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The definite answer is ... maybe.

You need to do this many times. Each time, the charge, Q, will be different. If you accurately determine Q, you will eventually see that it is always an integral number times a smaller charge, q. If you are lucky, that smaller charge q=e (the charge on an electron). If you are not lucky, it might equal 2e, or 3e. As you do more trials, the chance of being unlucky becomes vanishingly small.

I always thought this was one of the cleverest experiments ever.

Njorl

edited to add- the nasty part is to determine the mass of each droplet.
 
Last edited:
When I did the experiment, I found that (v1 - v2) was constant... Well pretty much, it fluctuated a little bit...
 

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