Centripetal acceleration v^2/r?

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SUMMARY

Centripetal acceleration is defined as the acceleration experienced by an object moving in a circular path, expressed mathematically as a = v²/r, where 'v' is the velocity and 'r' is the radius of curvature. This relationship indicates that centripetal acceleration is directly proportional to the square of the object's velocity and inversely proportional to the radius of the circular path. The discussion emphasizes that even if the speed remains constant, a change in direction necessitates acceleration, which is perceived as a centrifugal force by the object in motion. The example of a car navigating a circular track illustrates how varying the radius affects the perceived acceleration.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion, particularly the first law of inertia.
  • Familiarity with basic concepts of acceleration and velocity as vector quantities.
  • Knowledge of circular motion dynamics and the concept of radius of curvature.
  • Basic calculus concepts, particularly related to rates of change.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of centripetal acceleration using calculus, focusing on the relationship between velocity and radius.
  • Explore the concept of inertial forces and their implications in non-inertial reference frames.
  • Investigate real-world applications of centripetal acceleration in engineering, such as in roller coasters and vehicle dynamics.
  • Learn about the differences between centripetal and centrifugal forces and their roles in circular motion.
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, educators, and professionals in engineering or mechanics who seek a deeper understanding of circular motion and the principles governing centripetal acceleration.

hellbike
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can someone justify why centripetal acceleration = v^2/r?

And I'm not asking about algebraic proof.
 
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Would you like a calculus proof?

Let me look it up... nah...

Type "khanacademy calculus proof a=v^2/r" into Google. Then click the first video result.
 
hellbike said:
can someone justify why centripetal acceleration = v^2/r?

And I'm not asking about algebraic proof.

An object moving in space will move in a straight line at a constant velocity by Newton's first law of inertia. If the object is constrained in someway not to move in a straight line, then it must be experiencing an acceleration. By definition acceleration is a time rate change of velocity. If you don't want a mathematical proof of this, you must accept intuitively that this acceleration is not proportional to the velocity of the object, but is proportional to the velocity squared. Also it is inversely proportional to the radius of curvature of the object as it curves through space. Remember by definition acceleration is a time rate change of velocity. Velocity is a vector, so it has both magnitude and direction. If the object's direction is changing, then it must be accelerating also, even if the magnitude of the velocity is not. Imagine a car going around a circular race track with a radius of 100 feet at 65 miles per hour. It will experience an acceleration proportional to its speed squared and inversely proportional to its radius. The driver would experience an appreciable centrifugal force pulling him radially outward. Now imagine the same car going around a circular race track with the same speed, but the radius is now 100 miles. The acceleration will now be less. The driver would barely perceive the centrifugal force in his frame pulling him radially outward. It all boils down to the speed squared and how fast the car is turning in inertial space. Nature does not like change. For some unknown reason that is still not fully understood, inertia rises whenever there is a change in the velocity of an object. No one has yet come up with a fully accepted, bona fide explanation of the cause of inertial forces.
 
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