Charge moving through electric and magnetic field

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around the motion of an electron in the presence of electric and magnetic fields, specifically within the context of concentric cylinders with a defined potential difference. The problem involves determining the speed required for the electron to maintain a circular orbit while considering both electric and magnetic forces acting on it.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Assumption checking, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the application of forces acting on the electron, including electric and magnetic forces, and explore the equations governing its motion. There are attempts to derive the necessary speed for circular motion, with some participants questioning the correctness of the magnetic field value used in calculations.

Discussion Status

The conversation includes various attempts to solve the problem, with some participants providing corrections regarding the magnetic field's magnitude. There is acknowledgment of errors in calculations and the need for clarification on the direction of forces acting on the electron. Guidance has been offered regarding the formulation of the equations involved.

Contextual Notes

Participants note potential typos in the values used for the magnetic field and discuss the implications of these values on the calculations. There is an emphasis on ensuring the correct sign for the electron's charge in the equations.

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[SOLVED] Charge moving through electric and magnetic field

Homework Statement


I'm pretty sure my answer for part (a) was correct, but I'll include it just for kicks. Also, I'm sorry if it's wordy, this is my first post and not exactly sure what protocol is, so I'm just copying from the book.

An electron moves in a circular path with radius r=4.00 cm in the space between two concentric cylinders. The inner cylinder is a positively charged wire with radius a = 1.00 mm and the outer cylinder is a negatively charge hollow cylinder with radius b = 5.00 cm. The potential difference between the inner and outer cylinders is [tex]V_a_b[/tex] = 120 V, with the wire being at the higher potential. The electric field in the region between the cylinders is radially outward and has magnitude [tex]E = \frac{V_a_b}{r \ln(\frac{b}{a})}[/tex].
a) Determine the speed the electron needs to maintain its circular orbit. You can ignore bother the gravitational and magnetic fields of the earth.
b) Now include the effect of the Earth's magnetic field. If the axis of symmetry of the cylinders is positioned parallel to the magnetic field of the earth, at what speed must the electron move to maintain the same circular orbit? Assume that the magnetic field of the Earth has magnitude 1.30 X 10^-4 T and that its direction is out of the plane of the page in the figure.

physicsproblem.jpg


Homework Equations


For part (a), I used [tex]\sum F = m a[/tex], giving me [tex]q E = \frac{m v^2}{r}[/tex], which becomes [tex]v = \sqrt{\frac{r q E}{m}}[/tex]. This gave me 5.39 x 10^12 m/s.

For part (b).
[tex]F_b = q v \times B[/tex].
Obviously Newton's second law will come into play again, so [tex]\sum F = F_B + F_E = q(E + v \times B = m a = \frac{m v^2}{r}[/tex].

The Attempt at a Solution


I'm basically stumped here. I tried [tex]\frac{m v^2}{r} = q v B + q E[/tex] with the quadratic formula but I'm getting a negative discriminant. Dimensional analysis works out, but my numbers don't. (I just put e in for q since we're talking about an electron.)
I got [tex]v = \frac{r(-e B \pm \sqrt{B^2 e^2 - 4 \frac{m e E}{r}}}{2m}[/tex].
 

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Earth's magnetic field cannot 1.3x10^4 T. Probably it may be 1.3x10^-4. Taking this value try it again.
 
rl.bhat said:
Earth's magnetic field cannot 1.3x10^4 T. Probably it may be 1.3x10^-4. Taking this value try it again.

Sorry, that was a typo. I calculated using 1.3 G originally and got a negative discriminant. Actually, greater magnetic field should only make it more negative if my equation is correct.
 
While deciding the electron's direction in the electric and magnetic field you have taken into account its sign. Now the equation is mv^2 - reBv- rqE = 0 In this put the magnitude of charge of the electron.Now the discriminant becomes positive.
 
Of course. I knew I did something stupid like that. Thanks a bunch.
 

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