I Chemical Elements produced inside the Sun

Stellar Nucleosynthesis.

Nucleosynthesis

Some background.

 

What do you mean by "one unity"? One atom?

 

False.

Lithium and plutonium come to mind.

Assume he means one quanta. An atom. What are the odds of a ¹⁹⁷Au atom appearing?

 

A star the size of the Sun can produce Carbon,
Oxygen and Nitrogen are interesting by products of that.

 

no, nothing.

http://www.astronomynotes.com/evolutn/s7.htm

Created in and appearing in have 2 very different meanings.
you need to be very careful with your use of terms/definitions

That doesn't mean to say other elements are not present in stars the mass of our sun, but they were not created in the sun

 

Yes, they have come from other massive star supernovas and were present in the dust/gas clouds that coalesced into the sun and the planets

Yes, there isn't enough energy for reactions to produce those heavier elements. It takes more massive stars than our sun

Even one atom of ??
I doubt anyone could prove or disprove that and the big scheme of things, it's hardly relevant
I would rather say … detectable amounts that were guaranteed to have been CREATED in the Sun

 

That's OK for things outside the core of a star.
You do know that it takes 1000's of years for photons produced in the core to get to the surface of the sun ?
there's no room for very high velocities in the core of a star.... the densities are too high

 

I think there is always a non-zero cross section for any fusion reaction to occur, at any temperature above zero. That is to say, there is no hard cut-off absolutely preventing further steps from happening (unless there is? Let's ask @mfb ).
So the probability of there occurring the entire chain of reactions even up to uranium fusion should also have a non-zero probability.

The question would then become 'how probable is it that a star like the Sun can produce at least one of all elements, up to uranium (or even heavier), over its life time?'.
The answer would require running some actual numbers, which I don't have. My gut feeling, though, is that it'd be as probable as for a bowl of petunias to suddenly appear in Earth's orbit.

 

There is a chance that a bowl of petunias will appear in Earth's orbit. The probability of a quantum tunneling event is strongly effected by the number of particles involved and the distance that each particle moves. The atoms in your foot rearranging into a bowl of petunias at the end of your leg is much more probable than a bowl of petunias appearing in orbit unless it happens in a satellite because the particles need to move a shorter distance. The core of the sun has high density so the petunia probability should be higher. It is safe to say that a spontaneous quantum bowl of petunias is so unlikely that it has never occurred anywhere in the visible universe since the big bang.

I saw the calculations for one mole of water tunneling in a text book. The author gave estimates for tunneling from one shot glass to an adjacent shot glass as water. That is less likely than tunneling out of the shot glass. That was much less likely than tunneling event inside the shot glass where the atoms in the water molecules move a few angstroms and become iron and release enough energy to destroy the neighborhood. Even though a spontaneous nuclear explosion in your toe is much much more likely it is still highly unlikely that is has happened anywhere in the visible universe within 4 x 10¹⁷ seconds.

If the same mechanism can happen on Earth or Ceres then I think it is reasonable to say it is not part of "the nuclear processes in the Sun".

The core of the sun burns lithium faster than it produces lithium.

I would not include cosmic ray spallation or spontaneous fission. Both can occur on Earth.

⁷Li is in the p-p chain. ⁶Li can be formed by ³H and ³He. ³H should be extremely rare. Is there an easier route to ⁶Li?

 

Along that same/similar line of inquiry, thirty to forty years ago, ⁸Be was "forbidden"/had an infinitessimal lifetime; any more recent measurements/results?

 

Minus? Thanks.

 

The nuclear burning cores of sun-like stars are convective, which means they have a uniform temperature. While it's true that energies of an isotropic medium lie along a gaussian curve, with few atoms along the high end of the curve, their energies are insufficient to produce the high atomic mass elements to which you are referring.

 

I think G and F stars do not have convective cores. convection is outside of the tachocline. Many K dwarfs are convective to the core. Types A,B,O have core convection.