Circular Motion using polar coordinates - Mechanics

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on analyzing the motion of a particle constrained to slide within a vertical smooth semi-circular ring of radius r, utilizing polar coordinates. The key equation derived is the acceleration, expressed as a = rθ(double dot)θ(hat) - v^2/r (rhat). The challenge presented involves determining the radial component of acceleration in terms of the angle θ to apply Newton's second law, F=ma, for calculating the resultant force. The influence of gravity is acknowledged, while friction is absent, allowing for the application of conservation of energy to relate velocity to the angle θ.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of polar coordinates and their application in mechanics
  • Familiarity with Newton's second law (F=ma)
  • Knowledge of conservation of energy principles in physics
  • Basic concepts of circular motion and forces
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of acceleration in polar coordinates for circular motion
  • Learn how to apply conservation of energy to relate velocity and angle in circular motion
  • Explore the implications of frictionless surfaces in mechanics problems
  • Investigate the dynamics of particles in constrained motion systems
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Students studying mechanics, physics educators, and anyone interested in the dynamics of particles in circular motion using polar coordinates.

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Homework Statement



A particle of mass m is constrained to slide on the inside of a vertical smooth semi- circular ring of radius r. The position of the particle is described by a polar coordinate system whose origin is at the centre of the circle with axes along the orthogonal unit vectors r(hat) and θ(hat) where θ is the angle

Write down the resultant force acting on the particle as a function of θ.

Homework Equations



F=ma

The Attempt at a Solution



I have used the expression v = rθ(dot) to find that acceleration, a= rθ(double dot)θ(hat) −
v^2/r (rhat)
I'm having a problem getting the 'r' component of the accelration in terms of theta though, so that I can do F=ma(theta) to find resultant force.

Any help would be appreciated
 
Physics news on Phys.org
The particle moves along a smooth vertical ring, so there is gravity, but no friction. You can use conservation of energy to get v2 in terms of theta.

ehild
 

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