Classic or General Relativity: Photon in Gravitational Field

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the behavior of a photon in a classical gravitational field, specifically examining the relationship between its momentum and the gravitational force acting on it. The equations presented suggest a hybrid approach, combining elements of classical mechanics and general relativity, particularly in the treatment of the photon's energy and momentum. The author, Harald, questions whether this formulation aligns with classical physics or if it hints at general relativity, while also expressing uncertainty about solving the resulting differential equation. The consensus indicates that this approach is neither purely classical nor fully consistent with general relativity, highlighting the complexities of integrating these theories.

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  • Understanding of photon momentum and energy relations in physics
  • Familiarity with classical gravitational fields and Newtonian mechanics
  • Basic knowledge of general relativity principles
  • Ability to solve differential equations in physics
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  • Study the principles of general relativity, focusing on light deflection in gravitational fields
  • Learn about the equivalence of mass and energy, particularly in the context of photons
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Physicists, students of theoretical physics, and anyone interested in the intersection of classical mechanics and general relativity, particularly in the context of light behavior in gravitational fields.

birulami
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Suppose a photon with speed [itex]|\vec{v}(t)|=c[/itex]. With its frequency [itex]f(t)[/itex] it has the momentum [itex]h/c^2 f(t)\vec{v}(t)[/itex].

Further suppose a (classical) gravitational field [itex]\vec{g}(x,y,z)\in R^3[/itex].

Putting the photon at position [itex]s(t)\in R^3[/itex] into the field and equating

a) the force as the product of field and mass [itex]h/c^2 f(t)[/itex]
b) with the first derivative of the momentum, we get

[tex]\frac{h}{c^2}f(t)\vec{g}(\vec{s}(t))<br /> = \frac{h}{c^2} f'(t)\vec{v}(t) + \frac{h}{c^2} f(t)\dot{\vec{v}}(t) .[/tex]

Dividing by the constant [itex]h/c^2[/itex] leaves the slightly simpler form

[tex]f(t)\vec{g}(\vec{s}(t)) = f'(t)\vec{v}(t) + f(t)\dot{\vec{v}}(t) .[/tex]

As an additional equation we can throw in [itex]\vec{v}\dot{\vec{v}}=0[/itex], which follows from the constancy of the speed of light.

What I would like to know is, whether this description is still classic, or whether it is possibly equivalent with the general theory of relativity. I don't think it is completely classic, since I use the equivalence of mass and energy and allow the photon's energy to change in the field. Yet I would not be surprised to hear that from these equations the gravitational deflection of light is half of what general relativity correctly predicts, meaning this is still equivalent with Newton's mechanics? But I would not know how to solve the differential equation [itex]fg = f'v + f\dot{v}[/itex] to find out myself, even if I use the specific form [itex]g(s(t))=-\vec{s}(t)/\vec{s}(t)^3[/itex].

Any hints appreciated.

Harald.
 
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It's neither - as you say yourself, it's a mix of ideas from multiple theories. Such a mix is npt guaranteed to be correct, or even self-conisistent.
 

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