Compactness/convergence in Banach spaces

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In summary, the conversation discusses the concept of compactness and sequential compactness in Banach spaces, specifically in finite-dimensional spaces and lp spaces. The statement "every bounded sequence has a convergent subsequence" does not hold in both cases, as demonstrated with examples. However, it is noted that in general, in metrizable spaces, compactness and sequential compactness are equivalent. The unit ball in a normed vector space V is compact/sequential compact if and only if V is finite-dimensional.
  • #1
TaPaKaH
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Been doing exercises on compactness/sequential compactness of objects in Banach spaces and some of my solutions come down to whether
"every bounded sequence has a convergent subsequence"
holds in

a) arbitrary finite-dimensional Banach space
b) lp, 1 <= p <= infinity

Does it?
 
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  • #2
No, this does not hold. Consider the sequence in [itex]\ell^2[/itex]:

[tex]x_1=(1,0,0,0,...)[/tex]
[tex]x_2=(0,1,0,0,...)[/tex]
[tex]x_3=(0,0,1,0,...)[/tex]
and so on.
 
  • #3
Doesn't hold for finite-dimensional Banach space as well?
 
  • #4
TaPaKaH said:
Doesn't hold for finite-dimensional Banach space as well?

It does hold for finite dimensional spaces since those are isomorphic to [itex]\mathbb{R}^n[/itex].
 
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  • #5
Thank you!
 
  • #6
In general, in metrizable spaces, compactness and sequential compactness are

equivalent. The unit ball is compact/seq. compact in a normed v.space V iff

V is finite-dimensional.
 

1. What is compactness in Banach spaces?

Compactness in Banach spaces refers to a property of a set of points in a Banach space, where every sequence in the set has a convergent subsequence whose limit is also in the set. In simpler terms, it means that a set is "small" enough that every sequence in the set has a point that it converges to. This property is important in analysis and functional analysis, as it allows for the existence of limits and continuity of functions.

2. How is compactness related to convergence in Banach spaces?

Compactness and convergence in Banach spaces are closely related concepts. While compactness refers to a property of a set of points, convergence refers to a property of a sequence of points. In a compact set, every sequence has a convergent subsequence, which means that the sequence of points is "converging" to a point in the set. In other words, compactness implies convergence in Banach spaces.

3. What is the importance of compactness in Banach spaces?

Compactness in Banach spaces is important for several reasons. It allows for the existence of limits and continuity of functions, which are fundamental concepts in analysis and functional analysis. Additionally, compactness can also help in proving the existence of solutions to certain types of equations, such as integral equations or differential equations.

4. How is compactness tested in Banach spaces?

There are several ways to test for compactness in Banach spaces. One method is to use the Heine-Borel theorem, which states that a subset of a Euclidean space (such as a Banach space) is compact if and only if it is closed and bounded. Another method is to use the Arzelà–Ascoli theorem, which provides a criterion for compactness in function spaces.

5. Can a non-compact set exist in a Banach space?

Yes, it is possible for a set to be non-compact in a Banach space. This means that the set does not satisfy the properties of compactness, such as being closed and bounded. In fact, most sets in a Banach space are non-compact. However, compact sets are important in analysis and functional analysis, as they allow for the existence of limits and continuity of functions.

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