Complex Analysis (Argument Principle to determine location of roots)

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on using the Argument Principle to determine the location of roots for the polynomial function f(z) = 2z^{4} + 2z^{3} + z^{2} + 8z + 1. The participant successfully demonstrates that there is one zero within the unit disc using Rouche's Theorem, but struggles to extend this proof to show the existence of a zero specifically in the open first quadrant. Suggestions include considering a quarter-circle contour in the first quadrant to compute the winding number around f(z) = 0.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the Argument Principle in complex analysis
  • Familiarity with Rouche's Theorem
  • Knowledge of polynomial functions and their properties
  • Basic contour integration techniques
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the Argument Principle in detail, focusing on its applications in root-finding
  • Review Rouche's Theorem and its implications for polynomial functions
  • Learn about contour integration and how to compute winding numbers
  • Explore examples of using quarter-circle contours in complex analysis proofs
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Students and professionals in mathematics, particularly those studying complex analysis, as well as educators looking for effective methods to teach root-finding techniques in polynomial functions.

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Homework Statement


With f(z) = 2z^{4} +2z^{3} +z^{2} +8z +1

Show that f has exactly one zero in the open first quadrant.

Homework Equations


Argument Principle

The Attempt at a Solution


I know I'm supposed to use the Argument Principle.. So far, all I can do is show something like, in the unit disc there exists ONE zero (by Rouche's Theorem, using function 8z+1 as my upper bound.

However, showing something in a specific Quadrant is proving to be more difficult. I thought about using the same function g(z) = 8z+1 and to say that since |f(z) - g(z)| \leq |g(z)| in that quadrant, then it is proved but obviously that's not rigorous.

So I tried defining h(z) = f(z) - g(z) = 2z^{4} +2z^{3} +z^{2} and define the set Q = { z = x+iy : x,y>0 } and say that for sufficiently large |z|, z \in Q we have that |g(z)|/|h(z)| \leq 1 since the LHS in fact equals zero, since it grows faster.

I'm pretty sure that's not good enough.. And I'm not utilizing the Argument Principle, can someone help? Thanks!
 
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Woo, another theorem in complex analysis that we apparently proved but did not use. Can you just consider the quarter-circle in the first quadrant of arbitrary radius R > 0 (so the real axis from 0 to R, then Re^(it) for t between 0 and pi/2, and then come down the imaginary axis from Ri to 0)? Then finding the winding number about f(z) = 0 of this curve might work.
 

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