Complex analysis- poles vs. Zeros, etc.

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the concepts of poles and zeros in complex analysis, specifically addressing the nature of singularities in the function f(z) = z²/sin(z). Participants explore the distinction between removable singularities and poles, as well as the implications of power series expansions on these concepts.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses confusion about the difference between poles and zeros, particularly regarding the function f(z) = z²/sin(z) and the nature of the singularity at z=0.
  • Another participant explains that expanding sine into a power series can remove the singularity at z=0, but this results in a different function that is defined at that point.
  • A participant asserts that z=0 is not a zero but rather a removable singularity, indicating a disagreement on the classification of this point.
  • Further clarification is provided that while removing the singularity at z=0 leads to a new function, it does not imply that z=0 is a zero of the original function.
  • One participant summarizes that canceling z in the function shows that the function approaches 0 as z approaches 0, suggesting a zero at that point, while also noting that sin(z) vanishes at z=nπ, indicating simple poles at these points.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether z=0 is a zero or a removable singularity, indicating a lack of consensus on this point. There is also contention regarding the classification of nπ as a simple pole.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights the complexity of defining singularities and zeros in the context of power series and function behavior near those points. The implications of removing singularities and the resulting functions are also noted as a point of contention.

quasar_4
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I am having a hard time understanding the difference between poles and zeros, and simple poles versus removable poles. For instance, consider [tex]f(z)=\frac{z^2}{sin(z)}[/tex]. we can expand sine into a power series and pull out a z, so doesn't that remove the singularity at z=0? Also, I don't see why n*pi would not also be removable since it doesn't seem to be a problem in the series expansion (but according to my graded homework, 0 is a zero and n*pi is a simple pole)... Can someone help me out here?
 
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quasar_4 said:
we can expand sine into a power series and pull out a z, so doesn't that remove the singularity at z=0?
That's how you remove the singularity. But this operation produces a new (partial) function that is not f. (The difference being that this function is defined at 0 whereas f is not)
 
But 0 is not a zero, it is a removable singularity! :/
 
quasar987 said:
But 0 is not a zero, it is a removable singularity! :/
?? What is your point? Hurkyl's point was that if f(z) has a "removable singularity" at [itex]z_0[/itex], yes, you can "remove" it but then you get a different function, g(z). g(z)= f(z) for all z except [itex]z_0[/itex]. He never said anything about being a zero.
 
My comment was in response to
quasar_4 said:
(but according to my graded homework, 0 is a zero and n*pi is a simple pole)... Can someone help me out here?
HallofIvy.
 
To try and sum up:
1) Cancel z top and bottom to show that the bottom term -> 1 as z -> 0. So that would remove the singularity and make the function analytic at zero.
1a) Because the bottom can't go to zero, the function must -> 0 when z -> 0. So there is a zero of the function at z = 0.
2) But if you don't cancel the z and stick with the original function, the sin(z) will vanish every time z -> n*pi and the function will go through the roof. So there are simple poles when z = n*pi.

hope this helps.
 

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