Compressed spring between two particles

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the dynamics of two particles, A and B, separated by a compressed spring, with A having a mass of 2.00 times that of B and a total spring energy of 60 J. Upon release, the kinetic energies are distributed such that particle A possesses one-third of the total kinetic energy while particle B has two-thirds. This distribution aligns with the principles of conservation of momentum and energy, confirming that the lighter particle B, moving at a higher velocity, indeed has greater kinetic energy due to its mass ratio.

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  • Understanding of conservation of mechanical energy
  • Familiarity with momentum conservation principles
  • Knowledge of kinetic energy equations
  • Basic concepts of mass and velocity relationships
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Homework Statement


Particle A and Particle B are held together with a compressed spring between them. When they are released, the spring pushes them apart, and they then fly off in opposite directions, free of the spring. The mass of A is 2.00 times the mass of B, and the energy stored in the spring was 60 J. Assume the spring has negligible mass and that all its stored energy is transferred to the particles. Once that transfer is complete, what are the kinetic energies of (a) particle A and (b) particle B?

Homework Equations


Us = (1/2)kx2
K = (1/2)mv2
∑pi = ∑pi

The Attempt at a Solution



Using conservation of mechanical energy, I get
mbva2 + (1/2)mbvb2 = 60 J

Setting the initial momentum equal to the final momentum, I get
2mbva + mbvb = 0

Solving for vb I get
vb = -2va

Substituting that into the energy equation
mbva2 + 2mbvb2 = 60 J

Substituting k for mbva2
k + 2k = 60 J
Particle A has one third of the kinetic energy and particle B has two thirds of the kinetic energy. This seems to make sense since particle B has less mass than A.
 
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Looks right. The body with half the mass will have twice the velocity so twice the energy.
 
haruspex said:
The body with half the mass will have twice the velocity so twice the energy.

That is what my intuition told me, but I just wanted to make sure. Thank you!
 

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