Confirming the dimension of induced charge density of a dielectric

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the units of volume charge density (ρ) and surface charge density (σ) in dielectric materials, specifically in the context of the equations provided by the professor. The equation for volume charge density is given as ρ = (-1/(4πk)) * (E·grad(k)), and for surface charge density as σ = (-(k-1)/(4π)) * (E₁·n). It is confirmed that while the dielectric constant (k) is dimensionless, the gradient of k (grad(k)) has units of 1/length, which is crucial for maintaining the correct dimensional analysis of ρ, which is expressed in C/m³.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of dielectric materials and their properties
  • Familiarity with electrostatics and charge density concepts
  • Knowledge of vector calculus, particularly the gradient operator
  • Basic grasp of Gaussian units in electromagnetism
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of dielectric constants in electrostatics
  • Learn about the mathematical treatment of gradients in vector calculus
  • Explore the differences between Gaussian and SI units in electromagnetism
  • Investigate the physical significance of charge densities in dielectric materials
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics, particularly those focusing on electromagnetism, dielectric materials, and advanced electrostatics. This discussion is beneficial for anyone seeking to clarify the dimensional analysis of charge densities in dielectric contexts.

patric44
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Homework Statement
confirm the dimension of induced charge density of a dielectric ρ and σ
Relevant Equations
ρ = -1/4πk E.grad(k)
hi guys
our professor asked us to confirm the units of volume charge density ρ and also the surface charge density σ of a dielectric material given by
$$
\rho = \frac{-1}{4\pi k} \vec{E}\cdot\;grad(k)
$$
$$
\sigma= \frac{-(k-1)}{4\pi} \vec{E_{1}}\cdot\;\vec{n}
$$
I am somehow confused about the units, shouldn't the gradiant of k (the dielectric constant ) be dimensionless.
but that will leave ρ as the same units of E, which is not true as ρ =C/m^3.
can someone clarify
 
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##k## is dimensionless, but grad(##k##) is not.

Is your professor using Gaussian units?
 
  • Informative
Likes   Reactions: patric44
thanks, by careful looking at the gradient operator i can see that it has a unit of 1/length
 
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