Conservation of Angular Momentum is Dumbfounding

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the complexities of angular momentum conservation, particularly in systems with no external forces or torques. Two examples illustrate the confusion: a stick with marbles and a collapsing gas cloud. Participants clarify that angular momentum can still be non-zero due to internal forces, as seen when the marbles are fired in the same angular direction, resulting in a combined angular momentum. The conversation emphasizes the importance of understanding the reference frame and the internal dynamics of systems to grasp angular momentum conservation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of angular momentum and its mathematical representation.
  • Familiarity with Newton's laws of motion and conservation principles.
  • Knowledge of reference frames in physics.
  • Basic concepts of rotational dynamics and torque.
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  • Study the mathematical formulation of angular momentum in various systems.
  • Explore the implications of reference frames on momentum conservation.
  • Investigate the role of internal forces in dynamic systems.
  • Learn about the conservation of angular momentum in astrophysical contexts, such as star formation.
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Students of physics, educators teaching mechanics, and anyone interested in the principles of motion and dynamics in physical systems.

  • #31
russ_watters said:
This is not correct. Both marbles are being fired in the same angular direction, so they have a combined non-zero angular momentum

Could you clarify this. Aren't the marbles going in opposite directions: i.e. 180 degrees apart? Why are you saying they have the same angular direction?

Are you saying that the momentum of the marbles is not zero because their trajectories draw parallel lines and not a single line (if the trajectory lines are extended in both directions)? Sorry for my thick brain on this one.
 
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  • #32
Buckethead said:
Could you clarify this. Aren't the marbles going in opposite directions: i.e. 180 degrees apart? Why are you saying they have the same angular direction?
If the stick is vertical and you fire a marble to the right from the top end and to the left from the bottom end, both are being fired clockwise (albeit on tangents), pushing the stick counterclockwise.
 
  • #33
russ_watters said:
If the stick is vertical and you fire a marble to the right from the top end and to the left from the bottom end, both are being fired clockwise (albeit on tangents), pushing the stick counterclockwise.

I see. Interesting. So does this mean that if you have two marbles passing each other in space (parallel lines, not the same line) their total momentum is not zero?
 
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  • #34
Buckethead said:
I see. Interesting. So does this mean that if you have two marbles passing each other in space (parallel lines, not the same line) their total momentum is not zero?
Total linear momentum can be zero. If it is zero (e.g. if you use a center-of-momentum reference frame) then the total angular momentum is guaranteed to be non-zero.
 
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  • #35
jbriggs444 said:
Total linear momentum can be zero. If it is zero (e.g. if you use a center-of-momentum reference frame) then the total angular momentum is guaranteed to be non-zero.

Got it! Thank you. I can see this as well if a line is drawn between two passing masses, the angle of the line changes as the distance between the masses increases.
 
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  • #36
Regarding (a), "if I applied no external forces or torques to my system, and now the thing is spinning...", of the original post; sometime before T=1s, the experimenter compressed each of the springs with a required force, thus clearly, an external vector force (torque about the fulcrum) was indeed applied. Then at T=1s, the energy stored in the previously compressed springs were dissipated producing an equal and opposite torque about said fulcrum.
 
  • #37
Brendan Graham said:
sometime before T=1s, the experimenter compressed each of the springs with a required force, thus clearly, an external vector force (torque about the fulcrum) was indeed applied.
Nonsense. One can compress a spring by pushing on both ends equally for zero net torque and zero net linear momentum imparted. In any case, the initial conditions for the exercise are what they are and include zero total angular momentum.
 

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