Conservation of energy and string pulley problem

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on a physics problem involving two masses (3.3 kg and 7.4 kg) connected by a string over a pulley with a moment of inertia of 12 g·m². The objective is to calculate the linear speed of the masses after the 7.4 kg mass descends 21 cm, using the conservation of mechanical energy principle. The user initially calculated the change in potential energy (delta PE) and attempted to relate it to the kinetic energy (KE) of both translational and rotational forms. The error identified was in the unit conversion of the moment of inertia from grams to kilograms, which led to an incorrect final answer.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of conservation of mechanical energy principles
  • Familiarity with rotational dynamics and moment of inertia
  • Knowledge of kinetic energy equations for translational and rotational motion
  • Ability to perform unit conversions in physics calculations
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the concept of moment of inertia and its units in physics
  • Learn about the relationship between linear speed and angular velocity
  • Study the conservation of energy in systems with pulleys and masses
  • Practice solving similar problems involving multiple masses and pulleys
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics, as well as educators looking for examples of energy conservation in pulley systems.

gunster
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Homework Statement


Consider two masses of 3.3 kg and 7.4 kg
connected by a string passing over a pulley
having a moment of inertia 12 g · m2
about its axis of rotation, as in the figure below. The
string does not slip on the pulley, and the
system is released from rest. The radius of
the pulley is 0.35 m.

Find the linear speed of the masses after
the 7.4 kg mass descends through a distance
21 cm. Assume mechanical energy is conserved during the motion. The acceleration of
gravity is 9.8 m/s^2.

Answer in units of m/s

Homework Equations



delta PE = KE
KE = K(translational) + K(rotational)

The Attempt at a Solution



Found that change in potential energy should be equal to change in potential energy of the heavier mass (where PE is lost) subtracted by the change in potential energy of the lighter mass (where some PE is gained).

Therefore: 7.4*g*(21/100) - 3.3 * g * (21/100) = delta PE

I then set total change in KE to the delta PE. I determined rotational KE to be 1/2 I * omega^2

where I is given to me and omega is (v/r)^2 and r is given to me.

K translational = 1/2 * Mtotal * v^2. I factored out V^2, and set that equal to delta PE / rest of that mess

So in the end: v = sqrt ( delta PE / (6/r^2 + 1/2M)).

However, it wasn't the right answer :( so any ideas?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
In what units is the moment of inertia given?
 
wow I see the moment of inertia is given in grams. Thank you so much that would explain why I failed XD
 

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